The truth about ABIOTIC OIL (Multiple Credible Links)

Methane-derived hydrocarbons produced under upper-mantle conditions

Anton Kolesnikov1,2, Vladimir G. Kutcherov2,3 & Alexander F. Goncharov1

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There is widespread evidence that petroleum originates from biological processes1, 2, 3. Whether hydrocarbons can also be produced from abiogenic precursor molecules under the high-pressure, high-temperature conditions characteristic of the upper mantle remains an open question. It has been proposed that hydrocarbons generated in the upper mantle could be transported through deep faults to shallower regions in the Earth's crust, and contribute to petroleum reserves4, 5. Here we use in situ Raman spectroscopy in laser-heated diamond anvil cells to monitor the chemical reactivity of methane and ethane under upper-mantle conditions. We show that when methane is exposed to pressures higher than 2 GPa, and to temperatures in the range of 1,000–1,500 K, it partially reacts to form saturated hydrocarbons containing 2–4 carbons (ethane, propane and butane) and molecular hydrogen and graphite. Conversely, exposure of ethane to similar conditions results in the production of methane, suggesting that the synthesis of saturated hydrocarbons is reversible. Our results support the suggestion that hydrocarbons heavier than methane can be produced by abiogenic processes in the upper mantle.

It's not a "Cornell University article". It's an arXiv article. The arXiv is hosted by Cornell University, but it serves as an archive for draft articles. As a result, it will accept almost anything that is not outright insane.

[link to en.wikipedia.org]
[link to rationalwiki.org]

The article you have linked to hasn't been published in a peer-reviewed journal, so, no, no mainstream authority behind this one.

It's not a "Cornell University article". It's an arXiv article. The arXiv is hosted by Cornell University, but it serves as an archive for draft articles. As a result, it will accept almost anything that is not outright insane.

[link to en.wikipedia.org]
[link to rationalwiki.org]

The article you have linked to hasn't been published in a peer-reviewed journal, so, no, no mainstream authority behind this one.

All of those articles are old and have been debunked.

Anyone with any understanding of geology knows that the abiotic oil theory is wrong.

All of those articles are old and have been debunked.

Anyone with any understanding of geology knows that the abiotic oil theory is wrong.

All of those articles are old and have been debunked.

Anyone with any understanding of geology knows that the abiotic oil theory is wrong.

The Origin of Methane (and Oil) in the Crust of the Earth

Thomas Gold

U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 1570, The Future of Energy Gases, 1993

Abstract

The deposits of hydrocarbons in the crust of the Earth have long been regarded by many investigators as deriving from materials incorporated in the mantle at the time of the Earth's formation. Outgassing processes, active in all geological epochs, then transported the liquids and gases liberated there into porous rocks of the crust. The alternative viewpoint, that biological debris was the source material for all crustal hydrocarbons, gained widespread acceptance when molecules of clearly biological origin were found to be present in most commercial crude oils.

Modern information re-directs attention to the theories of a non-biological, primeval origin. Among this information is the prominence of hydrocarbons—gases, liquids and solids—on many other bodies of the solar system, as well as in interstellar space. Advances in high-pressure thermodynamics have shown that the pressure-temperature regime of the Earth would allow hydrocarbon molecules to be formed and to survive between the surface and a depth of 100 to 300 km. Outgassing from such depth would bring up other gases present in trace amounts in the rocks, thus accounting for the well known association of hydrocarbons with helium. Recent discoveries of the widespread presence of bacterial life at depth point to this as the origin of the biological content of petroleum. The carbon budget of the crust requires an outgassing process to have been active throughout the geologic record, and information from planets and meteorites, as well as from mantle samples, would suggest that methane rather than CO2 could be the major souce of surface carbon. Isotopic fractionation of methane in its migration through rocks is indicated by numerous observations, providing an alternative to biological processes that have been held responsible for such fractionation. Information from deep boreholes in granitic and volcanic rock of Sweden has given support to the theory of the migration of gas and oil from depth, to the occurrence of isotopic fractionation in migration, to an association with helium, and to the presence of microbiology below 4 km depth.

Abiogenic hydrocarbons and mantle helium in oil and gas fields

Description/Abstract

Most carbon degassed from Earth's interior is released as volcanic and hydrothermal carbon dioxide along oceanic spreading ridges and as volcanic and geothermal carbon dioxide in continental regions. The chemistry of the earth's interior is poorly understood, however, and methane, rather than carbon dioxide, may be the dominant form of carbon throughout much of the mantle. According to one hypothesis, methane from the mantle is continuously injected into the deep crust at lithospheric plate boundaries, ancient suture zones, and other areas of crustal weakness such as large meteorite impact sites. Where introduced beneath sedimentary basins this methane could accumulate in the conventional structural and stratigraphic traps in which we find petroleum. Geochemical evidence strongly argues that crude oil is of sedimentary (biogenic) origin, but the origins of natural gas are more complex and the proportion that may be derived from mantle (that is, abiogenic) sources is unknown. Using a geometric mean of 3x10[sup 6] for the molar CH[sub 4]/[sup 3]He ratio in uncontaminated, mantle-derived fluids from spreading ridges, mantle plumes and summit fumaroles of arc volcanoes, the median abiogenic methane content of commercial gases is estimated to be less than 200 ppm by volume (range=0 to 12,000 ppm). While admittedly a rough estimate, this calculation suggests that little confidence should be placed in the resource potential of abiogenic natural gas. In rift or convergent margin basins, hot magmatic fluids can strip methane and other volatiles from metamorphic basement and overlying sedimentary rocks, however, and commercial accumulations of this type of gas may be present. The economic value of such reserves could be impaired by dilution with carbon dioxide and possibly nitrogen. 171 refs., 13 figs., 2 tabs.

Abiotic Oil = wet dream of Oil industry shills

Peak oil is here to stay. Undeniable.

Abiotic Oil = wet dream of Oil industry shills

Peak oil is here to stay. Undeniable.

Mind if I ask a question OP?

Do you believe in the theory of evolution?

The Soviets have been teaching the abiotic theory of oil for 50 years.

It's very intriguing.

All of those articles are old and have been debunked.

Anyone with any understanding of geology knows that the abiotic oil theory is wrong.

CORRECT