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WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH

 
Anonymous Coward
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12/10/2012 03:40 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
One thing's for sure Tauranga, more and more volcanoes are awakening all over the world !

I've said this many times, we don't need a supervolcano eruption to throw us into an ice age...enough smaller volcanoes going off at the same time will eventually have the same effect !
 Quoting: subzero86


ohyeah
 Quoting: Luisport


it's already happening. just a few more, and we'll hit the tipping point I reckon
Anonymous Coward
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12/10/2012 03:43 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
One thing's for sure Tauranga, more and more volcanoes are awakening all over the world !

I've said this many times, we don't need a supervolcano eruption to throw us into an ice age...enough smaller volcanoes going off at the same time will eventually have the same effect !
 Quoting: subzero86


ohyeah
 Quoting: Luisport


it's already happening. just a few more, and we'll hit the tipping point I reckon
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 29563329


Add a huge solar flare to the mix and the big freeze will have a new meaning without electricity !
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12/10/2012 03:43 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
One thing's for sure Tauranga, more and more volcanoes are awakening all over the world !

I've said this many times, we don't need a supervolcano eruption to throw us into an ice age...enough smaller volcanoes going off at the same time will eventually have the same effect !
 Quoting: subzero86


ohyeah
 Quoting: Luisport


it's already happening. just a few more, and we'll hit the tipping point I reckon
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 29563329


there are a lot of them awakening and some are very big like in NZ...
Anonymous Coward
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12/10/2012 03:50 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
hiya subzero

yes i agree with you totally
 Quoting: Tauranga


hi Hey Tauranga !

Nice to see you !
Anonymous Coward
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12/10/2012 03:53 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
hiya subzero

yes i agree with you totally
 Quoting: Tauranga


hi Hey Tauranga !

Nice to see you !
 Quoting: subzero86


hey nice to see you guys too

i am watching rarotonga, i reckon the volcano there is awakening..
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12/10/2012 03:56 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
One thing's for sure Tauranga, more and more volcanoes are awakening all over the world !

I've said this many times, we don't need a supervolcano eruption to throw us into an ice age...enough smaller volcanoes going off at the same time will eventually have the same effect !
 Quoting: subzero86


ohyeah
 Quoting: Luisport


it's already happening. just a few more, and we'll hit the tipping point I reckon
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 29563329


extinction protocol are counting them

[link to theextinctionprotocol.wordpress.com]

i think there have been about twice as many volcanoes erupt this year compared to normal
Anonymous Coward
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12/10/2012 03:58 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
3.2 07:10:20 Tue 11 Dec 2012 Depth: 25.0 km

3.4 00:07:02 Tue 11 Dec 2012 Depth: 178.4 km

3.8 15:24:07 Mon 10 Dec 2012 Depth: 35.1 km

3.6 09:56:53 Mon 10 Dec 2012 Depth: 314.4 km

3.9 03:45:38 Mon 10 Dec 2012 Depth: 298.2 km

3.0 02:50:16 Mon 10 Dec 2012 Depth: 167.4 km

3.1 18:12:03 Sun 09 Dec 2012 Depth: 95.7 km

4.7 01:26:31 Sun 09 Dec 2012 Depth: 15.8 km

3.3 07:24:01 Sat 08 Dec 2012 Depth: 156.2 km

5.8 07:19:06 Sat 08 Dec 2012 Depth: 174.6 km

3.2 03:25:46 Sat 08 Dec 2012 Depth: 18.7 km

4.1 21:29:41 Fri 07 Dec 2012 Depth: 408.1 km

3.6 21:02:14 Fri 07 Dec 2012 Depth: 244.1 km

3.6 17:36:01 Fri 07 Dec 2012 Depth: 10.0 km

3.7 07:31:54 Fri 07 Dec 2012 Depth: 27.0 km

map to see locations
[link to quakemap.co.nz]

if you look at the map, you will see that there are a lot of quakes occuring between tauranga and kermadec atm...
 Quoting: Tauranga
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12/10/2012 04:16 PM
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This may be a very silly and perhaps even stupid question...but why do you Kiwis name all your volcanoes with the letter T at the beginning ? :)

Even other Kiwi users on this forum have names that start with a T, what's up with that Tauranga !scratching
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12/10/2012 04:31 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
This may be a very silly and perhaps even stupid question...but why do you Kiwis name all your volcanoes with the letter T at the beginning ? :)

Even other Kiwi users on this forum have names that start with a T, what's up with that Tauranga !scratching
 Quoting: subzero86


lols

yes a few of them sure do

my handle, tauranga is the name of my nearest city, but our our local active/awakening volcanoes are known by their english names: white island volcano and mayor island volcano

but the maori name for mayor island is tuhua, and it is whakaari for white island..

most of our volcanoes have maori names, and it seems to me that quite a few maori place names begin with T

the maori language has less letters than some other languages, and T seems to be one of the more used letters in this language, perhaps..

-----

some info on our local volcanoes:

Story: Bay of Plenty places
Page 1 – Inshore islands

Mayor Island (Tūhua)

Volcano lying offshore 28 km north-east of Waihī Beach and 35 km north of Tauranga Harbour entrance. The highest peak, Opuahau, is 355 m. The crater contains two lakes, Aroarotamahine (green) and Te Paritu (almost black).

The island was last permanently inhabited by Te Whānau-a-Tauwhao, a sub-tribe of Ngāi Te Rangi. It is now a wildlife refuge administered by the Mayor Island Board of Trustees. A small number of holiday houses are located in Opo Bay on the south coast of the island. Regular fishing excursions are made from Tauranga. The waters around the island are popular for deep-sea fishing and diving.

Eruptions

Mayor Island has erupted on average at least once every 3,000 years in the last 130,000 years. The last major eruption was around 5,000 BC. The island is best known for the lava flows and domes which contain large deposits of obsidian (volcanic glass). Known to Māori as tūhua, it was valued for cutting and scraping. Pieces were dispersed throughout both main islands and to the Kermadecs. The lava flows are likely to be recent, because there is no ash cover from mainland eruptions or any soil development. They may be no more than 500 years old.

Mōtītī Island (Flat Island)

Island in the Bay of Plenty 20 km east of Mt Maunganui and 13 km north of Maketū. Although volcanic, it is not mountainous. It is currently farmed and also a refuge for tuatara (lizard-like reptiles).

Authority over the island has been contested by Ngāi Te Rangi and Te Arawa tribes. Few people now live there permanently, although some Patuwai people fish there in summer. It is also known as Flat Island, the name given to it by Captain James Cook in 1769.

Moutohorā Island (Whale Island)

Island in the Bay of Plenty 9.55 km north-west from Whakatāne. The Māori name means ‘captured whale’ – the island has a whale-like profile from some angles. Moutohorā is a remnant volcanic cone, where there is still geothermal activity.

Māori occupied the island until the early 19th century. Ngāti Awa and Tūhoe people continued to visit for food gathering and other purposes. Sulfur was extracted in the late 1800s and stone was quarried in the early 1900s.

Wildlife

Since 1965 Moutohorā has been a wildlife refuge. All introduced species, except wasps, have been removed. Tuatara were released on the island in 1996 and numbers of tīeke (North Island saddleback) were transferred from Rēpanga (Cuvier Island) off the Coromandel Peninsula in 1999. North Island brown kiwis have been transferred gradually since 2001. This is an important seabird island, with New Zealand's largest colony of grey-faced petrels – 95,000 breeding pairs.

Whakaari (White Island)

Volcano in the Bay of Plenty, 51 km offshore north of Ōpōtiki and north-east from Whakatāne. Its Māori name means ‘to uplift or expose to view’. The island is visible from almost all parts of the Bay. It is New Zealand’s most active volcano, and erupted periodically between 1976 and 1982, and between 1986 and 1993. The island is important to both Ngāti Awa and Te Whakatōhea tribes. It is now a privately owned scenic reserve, and tourists land by helicopter or visit by boat. There are large gannet colonies on the outer slopes.

Sulfur mining

There were a number of unsuccessful attempts at sulfur extraction in the 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1914 a landslide overwhelmed the workers’ camp and killed 10 men.

Claude Sarich, a sulfur miner on White Island in 1931–32, left a vivid description: ‘The worst hell on earth, a place where rocks exploded in the intense heat, where men had to wear wool instead of cotton because cotton just fell apart in just a couple of hours, where they had to clean their teeth at least three times a day because their teeth went black, and where the land shook violently and regularly sending rocks flying through the air’. An English company manager visited once during that time and commented, ‘You look remarkably well, Sarich. However, I prefer the mainland.’

[link to www.teara.govt.nz]
Anonymous Coward
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
This may be a very silly and perhaps even stupid question...but why do you Kiwis name all your volcanoes with the letter T at the beginning ? :)

Even other Kiwi users on this forum have names that start with a T, what's up with that Tauranga !scratching
 Quoting: subzero86


lols

yes a few of them sure do

my handle, tauranga is the name of my nearest city, but our our local active/awakening volcanoes are known by their english names: white island volcano and mayor island volcano

but the maori name for mayor island is tuhua, and it is whakaari for white island..

most of our volcanoes have maori names, and it seems to me that quite a few maori place names begin with T

the maori language has less letters than some other languages, and T seems to be one of the more used letters in this language, perhaps..

 Quoting: Tauranga


OK, thanks for clearing that up !wink
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12/10/2012 09:23 PM
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
Saturday's quake widely reported

[link to info.geonet.org.nz]

The deep magnitude 5.8 earthquake of Saturday morning generated thousands of reports once again.
This earthquake has topped 12,000 reports and is closing in on the record held by the July 3 Opunake quake which currently has 12,282 reports received. They are concentrated from Auckland down to Christchurch, with a few reports from Northland and also down the east coast from Christchurch as far as Dunedin.

We've reported on a two others like this recently:

Oct 17 2012 - Deep North Island quake under Taupo
Jul 4 2012 - Deep 7.0 shakes central New Zealand
Although these earthquakes aren't damaging, they are rumble on for many seconds and that can be nerve-racking. And when much of the population of New Zealand shares the experience, that's certainly a talking point for the morning!
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Nature of strong quakes changing? 7.1 magnitude earthquake strikes region of Banda Sea

[link to theextinctionprotocol.wordpress.com]

December 11, 2012 – INDONESIA - A magnitude 7.3 (7.1 USGS) earthquake in the Banda Sea off Indonesia has been felt more than 600 kilometers away in Darwin. Geoscience Australia says there could be more aftershocks from the quake that shook the Top End of the Northern Territory overnight. Tremors were felt in Darwin and Katherine at about 2:30 am local time and were the strongest in the north for about 20 years. Overnight staff at the Darwin weather bureau evacuated their third-storey office while the building shook. Duty forecaster Angeline Prasad says the tremor was the strongest she has felt. “The building started shaking and it just became worse,” she said. “It is the worst tremor I’ve felt in Darwin. When things started falling off shelves we decided to go to an evacuation point, which is outside the building.” Geoscience senior seismologist Dr Mark Leonard says, while there have been quakes of a similar magnitude felt in Darwin before, people are describing last night’s tremor as particularly intense. “We have had a few reports from people saying they think it is the strongest, even though we know if you go back 20, 30 years there have been a number of earthquakes this size,” he said. “But there might have been some sort of focusing of the waves this time.” An engineering specialist says the tremor is a pointer to why building standards should be reviewed in northern Australia. Professor Kevin McKew from Central Queensland University says it is a warning that a large, damaging earthquake could strike at any time. “The big one is yet to come,” he said. “We haven’t had a great earthquake, as I would call it, but we’ve had plenty of warning calls. “I think it will happen; it’s just a matter of when will it happen. “We know it is probably a once in 300 or 400 year earthquake but we have no indication to say when it’s about to happen. But we just have to plan for it.” One Darwin resident says she was sleeping when her bed started moving. “The bed was really shaking violently, all my sliding doors rattling and windows were rattling, and the wardrobe was sliding violently and rattling,” she said. “It just seemed to go on and on and on, and then when it died down, it even had another violent shudder again. “It certainly got the adrenaline running.” Residents further south in Katherine, 200 kilometers south of Darwin, also felt tremors. Indonesian geophysics officials also said they had not received any reports of damage. The quake was felt only weakly in the districts of North Halamahera and Morotai which were closest to the epicenter, Indonesia’s National Disaster Mitigation Agency said in an update. –Radio Australia

Eyewitnesses also described December 7 Japan quake as different

Published on Dec 7, 2012
Telegraph reporter Julian Ryall describes how buildings shook for more than a minute as an earthquake struck Japan's east coast.

A tsunami measuring slightly over 3 feet high hit the Ayukawa district of Ishinomaki at 6.02 pm local time, although there were no immediate reports of injuries. More tsunami warnings were in force for the rest of Miyagi Prefecture, as well as Aomori, Fukushima and Iwate prefectures.

Warnings had been issued on television and radio channels immediately after the magniude 7.3 quake struck at 5.18 pm and residents of coastal regions and low-lying areas had been ordered to evacuate to higher ground.

The quake was the most severe since much of north-east Japan was devastated by the magnitude-9 earthquake on March 11, 2012, and inevitably caused concern among local residents.

Train services across much of north-east Japan were suspended for safety checks while aircraft scheduled to land at Sendai Airport - which was severely damaged and flooded after the last earthquake - were diverted to alternative airports.

The operators of the Fukushima nuclear plant reported that the quake had no impact on efforts to bring the crippled reactors under control. It was reported that emergency teams working at the reactors were temporarily evacuated from the site.

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Tornado wreaks havoc in Indonesia: 519 houses damaged

[link to theextinctionprotocol.wordpress.com]

The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) spokesman said on Saturday that the tornado — which had a radius of two kilometers at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour — lasted for 10 minutes and hit 10 villages in Sleman, with the Bromonila village in the subdistrict of Purwomartani reporting the most damages.

December 11, 2012 – INDONESIA – More than a dozen people have been injured and hundreds of houses left damaged after a tornado swept through the Yogyakarta district of Sleman on Friday. The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) spokesman said on Saturday that the tornado — which had a radius of two kilometers at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour — lasted for 10 minutes and hit 10 villages in Sleman, with the Bromonila village in the subdistrict of Purwomartani reporting the most damages. “Two people were seriously injured and have to undergo treatment now, and 12 others were lightly wounded,” BNPB spokesman Sutopo Purwo said in a statement published at bnpb.go.id. Sutopo said 519 houses in total were damaged and dozens of cattle sheds and hundreds of trees also reportedly collapsed. The district head of Sleman has declared the area an emergency situation until Dec. 11. “The Sleman office of the BPNB has established an emergency station and a [makeshift] kitchen in Bromonila village,” said Sutopo, adding that people displaced from their houses had been evacuated to safe places. The tornado also disrupted some flights to and from the Adisucipto International Airport in Yogyakarta. A Merpati Airlines plane from Bandung was forced to reroute to Surabaya and a Garuda Indonesia flight from Jakarta was forced to turn back. –Jakarta Globe
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
Large EarthQuake Banda Sea 11th Dec 2012

Published on Dec 10, 2012
A very active region.

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M 7.1 EARTHQUAKE - BANDA SEA 12/10/12

Published on Dec 10, 2012
An earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Richter scale has struck Indonesia's Banda Sea, but no tsunami warning was issued. The US Geological Survey (USGS) said the quake hit at 01: 53 a.m. local time (1653 GMT) on Monday, some 215 kilometers (134 miles) northwest of the Tanimbar Islands. The USGS also added that the quake's epicenter was at a depth of 157 kilometers (96 miles).

Minutes after the earthquake, head of the quake and tsunami unit at the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency, Suhardjono issued a statement saying that "We have not received any damage report so far."
Indonesia is vulnerable to earthquakes since it is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region known for its seismic and volcanic activity caused by friction between shifting tectonic plates.

Magnitude 7.1
Date-Time Monday, December 10, 2012 at 16:53:09 UTC Tuesday, December 11, 2012 at 01:53:09 AM at epicenter Time of Earthquake in other Time Zones

Location 6.540°S, 129.815°E
Depth 159.3 km (99.0 miles)
Region BANDA SEA
Distances 229 km (142 miles) NW of Saumlaki, Indonesia
338 km (210 miles) WSW of Tual, Indonesia
360 km (223 miles) SSE of Ambon, Indonesia
366 km (227 miles) SSE of Amahai, Indonesia

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The Weather Modification and Geoengineering Industry Exposed

This page is dedicated to disproving all you “tinfoil hat” comment posting sock-puppets, trolls, and e-bastards. Herein you will find the most complete directory of Weather Modification related companies, associations, and related research on the net. Click here to understand my need to create this expansive page.

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WA Spectrum Beams, & NSW Weather Anomaly Steers Storm Cell toward

Published on Dec 9, 2012
Spectrum Beams From Kalgoorlie WA too Giles Too Halls Creek and too Wyndham and Wyndham shoots a beam to East.
You Will here where I demonstrate How the Site has Censored particular Radars where u too 2 hours are missing.
Is anything in the Video that occur at 7pm ish that will relate to the Earthquake in WA This Evening?
Cheers
Neddy

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Very Heavy Chemtrailing Over Nelson, NZ On December 9 & 10, 2012
Posted on December 10, 2012
By Ngaire Small, Tahunanui, Nelson. December 10, 2012.

There were hideous levels of chem-trailing all day yesterday and today over Nelson, [New Zealand]. I have never seen anything like it here previously. The sky was completely criss-crossed by this afternoon. Note the ‘contrail’ alongside the chemtrail yesterday in the first photo. Weird stuff!

[link to chemtrailsnorthnz.wordpress.com]
photos
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NASA Look at Nibiru on Video Close to Earth 6th December 2012

Published on Dec 9, 2012
This is a brightly lit Planet which could be Nibiru, Planet x, A Binary Sun, These are just the videos of it as it comes across the Horizon not around like the rest of the Planets and Stars as the Earth and the Planetary alignment regularly occurs. This May be Nibiru Sun which may be the reason for the recent 2 years of Global catastrophes which constantly Bomb-barding many countries,with so many different scenarios Creating Death and Poverty.
Cheers
Neddy



--------

Nibiru latest Co ordinates To Watch Nibiru & Track it December 5th 2012

Published on Dec 4, 2012
Nibiru rising in the south east of Australia with /clear Visible sky, Notice that I am looking at the same planet I have been observing for 4 years now are undeniable proof that we are being lied to and, the Fact that it is covered up by Gag orders put on Media, By the World Leaders.
From 3.30am until 6.30am filming took place at Mt Cootha Summit Lookout.
The Co-ordinates are given in the video.
Cheers Neddy.
for more information please visit my FB Page at NeddyFlandersRollsss

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chemtrails qantas flight qfa64 melbourne 19/11/2012 13:35pm

Published on Nov 19, 2012
Airline: Qantas 19/11/2012 13:35pm
Flight: QF64
From: Johannesburg Johannesburg (JNB)
To: Sydney Kingsford Smith (SYD)
Aircraft: Boeing 747-438 (B744)
Reg: VH-OJJ
Altitude: 37000 ft (11278 m)
Speed: 510 kt (945 km/h, 587 mph)
Track: 53�
Hex: 7C482D
Squawk: 2654
Pos: -37.9316 / 144.3286
Radar: T-YMAV1

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wtf haarp action on the goldcoast..australia

Published on Sep 10, 2012
''wtf''.. i,ve never seen anything like this..its insane what do you people think?????.. haarp action on the goldcoast.....;music; guitatac.. two pieces of film thanks to gpa54 driving....pics and vid from another location thanks....comments pls.....cheers

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sorry, i missed this video when it was posted a week ago..

--------

ALERT HAARP Severe Weather Warning Australia over next 48 hours

Published on Nov 27, 2012
This is a presentation regarding the last 24 hours and the amount of situations arrising out of the Radar Beams Seen from Canberra. The HAARP was activated and had some serious coincidental consequences that will occur over the next 24 - 48 Hours.
The Shock wave which rattled the States Land Scape and Sky of clouds.
This is a pretty important Video as Nibiru has just shown her terrifying brightness to me and I am beginning tracking it now as it is in my sights and I will be bringing you the Proof in the next day or so. Although Filming has already begun I am going to release it on Sunday along with the exact Latitude and Longitude coordinates and an Easy IPhone compass app to locate Nibiru.

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Lessons Learned: PM on Earthquake Royal Commission Report

Monday, 10 December 2012, 7:27 pm
Article: Mark P. Williams

Today the Prime Minister announced the release of third and final part of the Canterbury Earthquake Royal Commission Report. He was joined at his post-cabinet press conference by the Hon. Maurice Williamson, Minister for Building and Construction. The PM said that the report has wide-ranging implications for people across New Zealand. He said that the full report contains 189 recommendations in total.

The Prime Minister said that 175 of the 185 deaths in the 22 February earthquake were due to failures of buildings or parts of buildings. He said that the last parts of the report were released today without a government response so that those affected by the earthquake could read the report as soon as possible.



Regarding the collapse of the CTV building, he went on to say that volume six of the report provided a "robust analysis" of the specific failings of the CTV building in which 115 people lost their lives. The Prime Minister said that the CTV building should never have been issued with a building permit by the Christchurch City Council because it did not comply with the regulations of the time.

The Prime Minister emphasised that the forces of the Canterbury earthquake were unprecedented in scale, and exceed even what more buildings today are designed to withstand, saying that GNS had likened it to a once in 2,500 year seismic event. He added that, given the extreme nature of the earthquake, most buildings in Christchurch performed well in terms of preserving life.

The Prime Minister said that there are presently estimated to be between 15,000 and 25,000 earthquake prone buildings in New Zealand and the public must be given time to respond to the implications of the report. He said that it is important to realise that there is no such thing as an earthquake proof building but rather it is a question of mitigating risks.

The Prime Minister then handed over to Mr Williamson.

Hon. Maurice Williamson

Mr Williamson said that the earthquake
Mr Williamson then spoke about the implications for the Royal Commission's report on building regulations. He emphasised that because of the highly technical and specialised nature of the information required to make an informed decision he could not yet say when he would be able to make a final statement.

He said that the main considerations of his department were:


How far do we go?

How fast do we go?

What part do we mandate as opposed to allowing freedom of choice?

He took brief questions from the press gallery.

Questions to Mr Williamson

Mr Williamson was asked whether he expected any sort of legal challenges. He responded that he had asked specifically for legal advice about what could be done to hold those responsible to account, including addressing the matter through the police and courts. He did however say that most civil proceedings would be outside of the statute of limitations because of the time frame.

Mr Williamson was asked if that would include criminal charges. He re-emphasised that he was asking for advice on all possibilities.

Mr Williamson was asked whether there was any liability on the part of the Crown. He responded that the Crown was "not a player in any of this", and added that the whole matter of consenting and inspecting was a matter for Christchurch City Council.

Mr Williamson was asked how much tougher the new regulatory regime would have to be. He responded that many of the safety and regulatory changes had already been made since the construction of the CTV and PGC buildings and much of the problem was already in the process of being addressed before the earthquake struck.

Mr Williamson was asked what he was doing to reassure those who were working in buildings that they had concerns about. He responded that it was to do with a very particular "genre of buildings" which was considered to be at risk because of combinations of factors which included "asymmetric sheer walls", "non-ductile columns" and "unreinforced masonry". Mr Williamson was then asked how many buildings across the country were being considered. He responded that there were 379 buildings but stated again that the combination of the factors did not necessarily indicate that a particular building of the same "genre" as the CTV building was actually a risk. He said he would announce the result when a determination had been made on each building.

Mr Williamson was asked when the buildings around New Zealand which were thought to be at risk had been built. He responded that the "genre of buildings" in question had been narrowed down to the period 1985 to 1992 and emphasised that it was a question of a very specific combination of factors in those buildings which needed to be addressed, and his department had yet to received final reports on how many of the buildings estimated to fall within that "genre" and period of building would actually be considered a risk.

Mr Williamson was asked whether he felt it was right that the list of buildings not be released and whether it was a matter for public interest, particularly for people who may have to work in such buildings. He responded that because of the complexity of the factors involved it would be irresponsible to name all of the buildings within that genre and period when it had yet to be determined whether they were at risk or not.

Mr Williamson was asked why the statute of limitations applied to the legal questions over the construction of the buildings. He indicated that he believed that this was because the actions for building consents were considered the starting point but said that he was uncertain.

Questions to the Prime Minister

The PM was asked a series of linked questions on the matter of the GCSB and Kim Dotcom:


When did the SIS Director know that the GCSB was had Kim Dotcom under surveillance?;

When did the SIS director know this was illegal?

Did the head of the SIS advise the PM's office of this?;

And, if not why not?

He responded to the first parts of the question that he did not know and regarding whether the Director advised the PM's office, he replied that he did not.
The PM was asked about an immigration fraud case where the agent used a photograph of the PM on their website. He replied that it was only an issue if it was being used as an endorsement as lots of people use photographs of the PM and are free to do so as long as it is not employed as an endorsement as this would be counter to the rules of the Cabinet manual.

The PM was asked whether he was concerned about the levels of immigration fraud involving Chinese nationals. He responded that he was always concerned with fraud but that he had no specific advice on the matter.

The PM was asked about Chinese tourism numbers and the link being put forward between SkyCity and visa fast-tracking Chinese "high-rollers". He responded that SkyCity were not involved as he understood it.

The PM was asked about the case of Todd Rippon being sacked as a tour guide for his alleged comments on The Hobbit and his involvement in the Actor's Equity Union. He responded that it was an employment matter and he was not involved.

The PM was asked whether there was anything to the suggestion that he viewed the Actor's Equity Union as an opponent of Tourism New Zealand. He responded that he did not.

The PM was asked whether the issue of plain tobacco packaging had been raised at cabinet. He replied that there had been one small reference at Cabinet committee level.

The PM was asked why New Zealand was targeting Chinese tourists when the data indicated that Chinese tourists spend less money and time in New Zealand than other tourists. He responded that they constituted a very big market and that China as a nation is getting wealthier and so it is in New Zealand's interests to "grow that market".

The PM was asked whether he was worried about the agency and the approach it has taken given that a foreign journalist on Mr Rippon's tour has said that they do not wish to be named for fear of upsetting Tourism New Zealand. He responded that he was not concerned and emphasised that it was an employment matter.

The PM was asked whether cabinet had discussed how the Doha climate discussions would affect New Zealand and whether cabinet was concerned that New Zealand would lose access to carbon markets by refusing to sign up to Kyoto Two/CP2. He responded that the government was "very comfortable" with the position that they had taken and he believed that they were in "exactly the right space".

The PM was asked about the changes to vehicle Warrant of Fitness and whether the government had made a final decision. He responded that a final decision had not yet been made and that there were no other countries in the world which had six-monthly warrants of fitness.

The PM was asked about the Australian DJ prank and whether he had any concerns about New Zealand radio DJs. He responded that the news was very sad but that DJs had been doing similar pranks for decades and it was a question of them thinking through their actions.

The PM was asked if the government was doing enough to address child poverty. He responded that the report did show that the government was on the right track in having a strong economic focus, even though there was still work to be done.

The PM was asked whether he would give any consideration to Hone Harawira's Food In Schools Bill. He said that it was not necessarily a problem of widespread hunger in schools which needed to be addressed but a question of targeting more precisely rather than applying a "universal approach".

The PM was asked if he had got any further with "Waka-jumping" legislation to prevent list MPs staying on in Parliament if they no longer represented their original party. He said that he had not given it much thought as yet because it was a very difficult issue to legislate for. He was then asked about whether he would take Brendan Horan's proxy. He responded that he did not think so.

The PM was asked whether he used roaming data when he went abroad. He responded that it depended where he went and what he did.

Returning to the matter of the Doha climate talks, the PM was asked whether he was aware of the risks to New Zealand of not signing up to Kyoto Two/CP2. He responded that he remained comfortable with New Zealand's position.

Finally, the PM was asked whether he would be attending MegaChristmas in Auckland, the Christmas show which would be starring Kim Dotcom. He responded that he would not -- and then wished everyone a Merry Christmas since today was the last post-cabinet press conference of the year.

Christchurch Earthquake Royal Commission And Other Matters - PM's Fin..
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Building assessment target 'not possible'

[link to www.stuff.co.nz]

Assessing the seismic strength of New Zealand's most earthquake-prone buildings within two years will be "impossible", a leading Christchurch structural engineer says.

The Canterbury earthquakes royal commission announced on Friday 36 sweeping proposals for earthquake-prone buildings throughout New Zealand after a review covering the failure of 21 buildings in the February 2011 quake, resulting in 42 deaths.

Buildings with unreinforced masonry would be assessed within two years and strengthened or demolished within seven, the commission said.

Christchurch structural engineer Russell Poole, who has more than 40 years design experience in Christchurch and Wellington, did not believe the two-year target could be met.

"One of my colleagues in Wellington told me he has five years of [building] assessments to do. The legislation has been there for 40 years and we've done nothing about it," he said.

The document recommended commercial, public and multi-storey, multi-unit residential buildings be brought up to minimum standard within 15 years, down from the current average of 28 years. Crucially, the current threshold for earthquake-prone buildings, often referred to as 34 per cent of the new building standard, will not be raised.

Poole backed the finite time frame for strengthening all quake-prone buildings.

Previously, there had been no economic incentive to upgrade.

"Now there is because tenants won't use them," he said.

"That argument falls down when you go to Feilding or my home town, Gisborne, where the economic equations just aren't there. Some buildings will just have to be demolished."

Poole also supported the decision to retain the 34 per cent minimum standard.

The market would decide if the status quo was acceptable.

"I think it's a good thing that [the Government] isn't making any further change. I don't see any justification for it," he said. Money would be better spent on technology that helped limit quake damage, Poole said.

Buildings had been required only to survive the quakes, but rebuilding after the Canterbury quakes would cost nearly $30 billion.

"We've done well on survival and non-collapse, but clearly we haven't done well on damage."

The use of new quake technology should remain voluntary, Poole said.
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Pair lead red-zone payout test case

[link to www.stuff.co.nz]

Retired couple Matt and Valerie O'Loughlin find themselves uncomfortably at the centre of a landmark insurance case arising from the Christchurch earthquakes.

Their action before the High Court in Christchurch is due to settle one of the most vexed insurance questions to arise out of the quakes.

The case will look at whether an insurance company is entitled to pay only the repair costs of damaged houses in the red zone when such houses cannot be repaired anyway.

Many red-zoners have taken the Government offer of their property's rateable value, but people like the O'Loughlins, who believe their properties were undervalued, want their insurance companies to honour their policies.

The court is due to hear the case in early March in a week-long trial.

The O'Loughlins said their architecturally designed house in the hard-hit area of Dallington was damaged beyond economic repair in the quakes.

Their insurance company, Tower, was therefore obliged to pay them enough to fully replace the house and surrounds they had built 12 years ago, they said.

They were not comfortable about being in the limelight of a test case and would much rather be getting on with their lives.

The last two years had been a torrid battle with Tower and they had been left stressed and angry.

They were also claiming $50,000 general damages from Tower for "distress, inconvenience and mental anguish".

"We haven't got that much time left. Instead of doing things we enjoy like spending time with our grandchildren we have spent countless hours fighting our insurance company. We've been totally consumed by the whole thing and so much money has been wasted," Matt O'Loughlin said.

"Our lives have been on hold. We have relatives who were in a similar situation who are now putting down the lawn at their new property."

He said Tower had been difficult to communicate with and they had dealt with more than five Tower representatives.

"We didn't want a fight but we are not going to be run over by an outfit which says one thing in its policy and does another," he said.

Grant Shand, who is representing the couple along with international insurance assessors World Claim, said the couple argued it was untenable to discuss repair when the house could not, in reality, be repaired.

The case was the first to test the standard insurance stance on red-zone houses and would have ramifications for the whole insurance industry, he said.

Costings suggested it would take nearly four times the amount offered by Tower, including the Earthquake Commission payout, to replace the house on another section, he said.

The couple maintained that even if their house was not in the red zone it could not be economically repaired because it was too badly damaged.

Tower, in its court documents, says its obligation in the O'Loughlins' case is restricted to the cost of repair and claims the house is economic to fix.

In a statement, a Tower spokeswoman said the company could not discuss the O'Loughlins' case because it was before the courts.
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CTV report 'emotional reading'

[link to www.stuff.co.nz]


LATEST: The brother of a woman killed in the Canterbury Television building collapse says the royal commission's report on the tragedy does not make life "any easier".

The report, which was released to the public at 3pm today, was given to families of all 115 victims over the weekend.

Maurice Gardiner, whose sister, Donna Manning, was killed, said that despite the report doing "what it's supposed to do", it did not make life "any easier".

"It obviously doesn't bring any of our family members back," he said.

"It doesn't give you any answers to why it was green-stickered or why it was even built. It just says it shouldn't be."

Gardiner said he received the report last week, and it had made for emotional reading.

"I've stopped reading, then picked it up another day," he said.

"Personally, as a builder, it does make me saddened to think the design, every part of that particular building, it was set to fail in this earthquake. That's the thing that was disappointing. It just wasn't done properly."

Gardiner said his family simply wanted lessons learnt from the tragedy.

"The whole world is watching what is happening in Christchurch," he said.

"As long as they learn from it and buildings are built stronger ... all of New Zealand is going to be a stronger place as a result. A lot of young builders and architects are going to be so well educated in seismic buildings, it can only be better."

Murray Grant, who lost wife Elizabeth Grant in the collapse of the six-storey building, said he was ''very happy'' with how the investigation was carried out.

''It's been very well done - there's not really any part of it I'm not happy with,'' he said.

''We're waiting now to hear what the Government is going to do about it. Whether they hold anybody accountable, that's what I'll be waiting for.''

Grant hoped the Government would look seriously into the design of the building and inspections after the initial earthquake.

''It wasn't what you'd call an act of God. The CTV building was a bad deal right through. It was bad from the day it was designed,'' he said.

''That's what makes me think that somebody should be held accountable for it.

"It was bad enough with the design and badly built, but it shouldn't have been occupied at the time. We would have had another 115 people around if it wasn't.''

Christchurch Girls' High School principal Prue Taylor, whose husband Brian Taylor died in the building, said that while ''nothing would bring the people back'', the investigation had been well handled.

''Speaking personally, I think the commission has done a wonderful job. I've been very impressed with the communication. It's been very sensitive,'' she said.

Taylor said the report had given her closure, and she had now had no unanswered questions about her late husband's death.

''I guess there will be things there that experts will still have questions in their minds about, but it can't drag on forever and at some point you have just got to draw a full stop, you know?'' she said.

"There's a lot of different layers here. I don't think there's any one person that can be held accountable.

''The city council had a part to play, the law ... even the people who complied with the code, and the design obviously had a huge impact.

"For me, it's a combination of a lot of things rather than the blame being laid at one person's feet.''

'Grim and sober' report

The royal commission's findings on the CTV building collapse make for "grim and sobering reading", Prime Minister John Key says.

It concludes the engineering design of the CTV building was deficient in a number of respects.

It also concludes the building should never have been issued with a building permit by the Christchurch City Council because its design did not comply with the standards of the time, and there were inadequacies in the construction of the building.

The findings, released today, would be little comfort to the friends and families of the 115 people who died in the collapse, Key said.

"Nothing will ever bring their loved ones back and we cannot dull their pain. My thoughts are with them as they continue to try to come to terms with their loss," he said.

The report does not come with an official Government response so the families could see the findings as soon as possible.

Families were given embargoed copies of the report before today's release, and Attorney-General Christopher Finlayson and Building and Construction Minister Maurice Williamson met some of them in Christchurch yesterday.

The Government would respond to the recommendations by mid-2013, Key said.

He welcomed findings on the management of buildings after an earthquake.

"The royal commission found that, despite some problems, overall the building safety evaluation process after the Canterbury earthquakes was well delivered, and the system and skills we have are adequate. It recommends some changes to improve the delivery of the system, which follow current international best practice."

Key thanked commissioners Justice Mark Cooper, Sir Ron Carter and Professor Richard Fenwick. "They oversaw an inquiry which was incredibly broad and complex and involved a lot of technical detail."

The royal commission now ceases to exist, having completed the task set out in its terms of reference.
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Plume rises from Ulawun volcano at Papua New Guinea

[link to thewatchers.adorraeli.com]
images of plume

Ulawun volcano is situated on the island of New Britain, the largest in the Bismarck Archipelago of Papua New Guinea. It is one of the most active volcano of the archipelago, and also the highest (summit elevation of 2,334 meters). Ulawun volcano is also known as “the Father,” with the Bamus volcano to the southwest also known as “the South Son.”

A white steam and ash plume extended from the summit crater of the stratovolcano towards the northwest. The plume begins to broaden as it passes the southwestern coast of Lolobau Island approximately 23 kilometers downwind from its source. (Note the image is oriented such that north is towards the lower left)

The summit of Bamus is obscured by white cumulus clouds (not of volcanic origin) in this image. While Ulawun has been active since at least 1700, the most recent eruptive activity at Bamus occurred in the late 19th century. A large region of ocean surface highlighted by sunglint—sunlight reflecting off the water surface, lending it a mirror-like appearance—is visible to the north-northeast of Ulawun (image lower left).

A steep-walled valley cuts the NW side of Ulawun volcano, and a flank lava-flow complex lies to the south of this valley. Historical eruptions date back to the beginning of the 18th century. Twentieth-century eruptions were mildly explosive until 1967, but after 1970 several larger eruptions produced lava flows and basaltic pyroclastic flows, greatly modifying the summit crater.

Astronaut photograph ISS034-E-5496 was acquired on November 30, 2012, with a Nikon D2Xs digital camera using a 180 millimeter lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by the Expedition 34 crew. It has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast, and lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Caption by William L. Stefanov, Jacobs/ESCG at NASA-JSC.
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Magnitude 7.1 earthquake struck Banda Sea, Indonesia

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A 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck Banda Sea, Indonesia on December 10, 2012 at 16:53 UTC according to USGS and EMSC. Epicenter was located 229 km (142 miles) NW of Saumlaki, Indonesia and 338 km (210 miles) WSW of Tual, Indonesia at coordinates 6.522°S, 129.813°E. USGS measured depth at 157.7 km (98.0 miles). EMSC recorded depth at 162 km.

GDACS is reporting that this earthquake can have a low humanitarian impact based on the Magnitude and the affected population and their vulnerability. About 400 people are living within 400 km.

Magnitude 7.1
Date-Time
Monday, December 10, 2012 at 16:53:09 UTC
Tuesday, December 11, 2012 at 01:53:09 AM at epicenter
Location 6.522°S, 129.813°E
Depth 157.7 km (98.0 miles)
Region BANDA SEA
Distances 229 km (142 miles) NW of Saumlaki, Indonesia
338 km (210 miles) WSW of Tual, Indonesia
360 km (223 miles) SSE of Ambon, Indonesia
366 km (227 miles) SSE of Amahai, Indonesia
Location Uncertainty horizontal +/- 13.2 km (8.2 miles); depth +/- 6.8 km (4.2 miles)
Parameters NST=381, Nph=385, Dmin=230.4 km, Rmss=0.97 sec, Gp= 14°,
M-type=teleseismic moment magnitude (Mw), Version=A
Source
Magnitude: USGS NEIC (WDCS-D)
Location: USGS NEIC (WDCS-D)
Event ID usc000e7j6

Tectonic summary by USGS

Seismotectonics of the New Guinea Region and Vicinity

The Australia-Pacific plate boundary is over 4000 km long on the northern margin, from the Sunda (Java) trench in the west to the Solomon Islands in the east. The eastern section is over 2300 km long, extending west from northeast of the Australian continent and the Coral Sea until it intersects the east coast of Papua New Guinea. The boundary is dominated by the general northward subduction of the Australia plate.

Along the South Solomon trench, the Australia plate converges with the Pacific plate at a rate of approximately 95 mm/yr towards the east-northeast. Seismicity along the trench is dominantly related to subduction tectonics and large earthquakes are common: there have been 13 M7.5+ earthquakes recorded since 1900. On April 1, 2007, a M8.1 interplate megathrust earthquake occurred at the western end of the trench, generating a tsunami and killing at least 40 people. This was the third M8.1 megathrust event associated with this subduction zone in the past century; the other two occurred in 1939 and 1977.

Further east at the New Britain trench, the relative motions of several microplates surrounding the Australia-Pacific boundary, including north-south oriented seafloor spreading in the Woodlark Basin south of the Solomon Islands, maintain the general northward subduction of Australia-affiliated lithosphere beneath Pacific-affiliated lithosphere. Most of the large and great earthquakes east of New Guinea are related to this subduction; such earthquakes are particularly concentrated at the cusp of the trench south of New Ireland. 33 M7.5+ earthquakes have been recorded since 1900, including three shallow thrust fault M8.1 events in 1906, 1919, and 2007.

The western end of the Australia-Pacific plate boundary is perhaps the most complex portion of this boundary, extending 2000 km from Indonesia and the Banda Sea to eastern New Guinea. The boundary is dominantly convergent along an arc-continent collision segment spanning the width of New Guinea, but the regions near the edges of the impinging Australia continental margin also include relatively short segments of extensional, strike-slip and convergent deformation. The dominant convergence is accommodated by shortening and uplift across a 250-350 km-wide band of northern New Guinea, as well as by slow southward-verging subduction of the Pacific plate north of New Guinea at the New Guinea trench. Here, the Australia-Pacific plate relative velocity is approximately 110 mm/yr towards the northeast, leading to the 2-8 mm/yr uplift of the New Guinea Highlands.

Whereas the northern band of deformation is relatively diffuse east of the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border, in western New Guinea there are at least two small (<100,000 km²) blocks of relatively undeformed lithosphere. The westernmost of these is the Birds Head Peninsula microplate in Indonesia’s West Papua province, bounded on the south by the Seram trench. The Seram trench was originally interpreted as an extreme bend in the Sunda subduction zone, but is now thought to represent a southward-verging subduction zone between Birds Head and the Banda Sea.

There have been 22 M7.5+ earthquakes recorded in the New Guinea region since 1900. The dominant earthquake mechanisms are thrust and strike slip, associated with the arc-continent collision and the relative motions between numerous local microplates. The largest earthquake in the region was a M8.2 shallow thrust fault event in the northern Papua province of Indonesia that killed 166 people in 1996.

The western portion of the northern Australia plate boundary extends approximately 4800 km from New Guinea to Sumatra and primarily separates Australia from the Eurasia plate, including the Sunda block. This portion is dominantly convergent and includes subduction at the Sunda (Java) trench, and a young arc-continent collision.

In the east, this boundary extends from the Kai Islands to Sumba along the Timor trough, offset from the Sunda trench by 250 km south of Sumba. Contrary to earlier tectonic models in which this trough was interpreted as a subduction feature continuous with the Sunda subduction zone, it is now thought to represent a subsiding deformational feature related to the collision of the Australia plate continental margin and the volcanic arc of the Eurasia plate, initiating in the last 5-8 Myr. Before collision began, the Sunda subduction zone extended eastward to at least the Kai Islands, evidenced by the presence of a northward-dipping zone of seismicity beneath Timor Leste. A more detailed examination of the seismic zone along it’s eastern segment reveals a gap in intermediate depth seismicity under Timor and seismic mechanisms that indicate an eastward propagating tear in the descending slab as the negatively buoyant oceanic lithosphere detaches from positively buoyant continental lithosphere. On the surface, GPS measurements indicate that the region around Timor is currently no longer connected to the Eurasia plate, but instead is moving at nearly the same velocity as the Australia plate, another consequence of collision.

Large earthquakes in eastern Indonesia occur frequently but interplate megathrust events related to subduction are rare; this is likely due to the disconnection of the descending oceanic slab from the continental margin. There have been 9 M7.5+ earthquakes recorded from the Kai Islands to Sumba since 1900. The largest was the great Banda Sea earthquake of 1938 (M8.5) an intermediate depth thrust faulting event that did not cause significant loss of life. More information on regional seismicity and tectonics
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Tornadoes – how frequently do they hit New Zealand?

[link to www.niwa.co.nz]

6 December 2012 - 4:56pm
Science Centres: Climate, Natural Hazards

Tornadoes, like the one that hit Auckland's western suburbs today, are relatively rare events in New Zealand.

On average there are around seven moderate to strong tornado events reported in New Zealand each year.

NIWA meteorologist, Dr Richard Turner, says "fatalities associated with tornadoes are rare in New Zealand, with the most recent cases being the Albany tornado last year, which killed 1 person, and a tornado near Waitara in August 2004 which killed 2 people."

"Auckland is hit by a tornado on average less than once per year, but there is considerable variability from year to year with some years getting none," says Dr Turner.

New Zealand tornadoes are neither as common nor as destructive as those that occur over the plains of the United States, but even small scale tornadoes, like today's event can cause damage, injury and even deaths. The west coast of the South Island and the North Island coast from Taranaki to Northland have been particularly affected by tornadoes in the past.

Tornadoes in New Zealand are usually around a few tens of metres wide and have tracks of just a couple of kilometres. They are extremely localised and the damage is very confined to the actual tornado itself.

A tornado will typically last for a few minutes, track across the land for 2 to 5 kilometres and will have a diameter of 20 to 100 metres. Wind speeds are in the order of 115 to 180 km/h. At the more extreme end, some tornadoes track for over 100 kilometres, are over 1 kilometer wide and have winds up to 480 km/h – such tornadoes are extremely rare, anywhere in the world.

Dr Turner says "In New Zealand most tornadoes are associated with pre-frontal squall lines - bands of thunderstorms embedded in strong unstable pre-frontal northwesterly flow."

"The thunderstorms have very strong updrafts and if these occur in an environment in which the wind directions rotate as the air rises, the updraft can start to spin and a mesocyclone can form. It is from these mesocylcones, that can be as little as 1-2 kilometres across, that tornadoes are spawned."

NIWA maintains a catalogue of major weather events in New Zealand over the last 200 years called the New Zealand Historic Weather Events Catalogue.

The information has been collated from newspaper reports, journals, books and databases kindly provided by various organisations and individuals. For each event we identify the regions affected, the hazards types associated with the event and the resulting impacts.

The most damaging and lethal tornado in New Zealand occurred at Frankton (Hamilton) on 25 August, 1948. The tornado carved a 100–200 m swath through the suburb, causing 3 deaths, 12 injuries, damaging 150 houses and 50 businesses with an overall damage cost of $60 million.

The most recent events occurred on the west coast of the North Island, when a swarm of at least 12 tornadoes hit the Taranaki Coast on Wednesday the 4th and Thursday the 5th of July 2007 causing widespread damage in the region.

Oakura, a town 12 km southwest of New Plymouth was most affected. Roughly 50 houses suffered major damage, some of it irreparable, when two tornadoes ripped through the town.

Last year, a tornado in the Auckland suburb of Albany killed one person, sent cars airborne and did about $10 million in damage over a 15 km path.

Many other tornadoes in remote rural areas will be unreported.

Current research at NIWA is investigating very high resolution weather forecast models (which demand huge computational resources) ability to predict the occurrence of mesocyclones. If successful, this could potentially aid forecasters in their ability to identify mesocyclone formation between 6 and 12 hours in advance, increasing warning times.
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Re: WHAT IS HAPPENING AT WHITE ISLAND VOLCANO??? New Zealand/Kermadec & South Pacific QUAKE/VOLCANO WATCH
MONOWAI SEAMOUNT, Kermadec Islands (SW Pacific)

25.887°S, 177.188°W; summit elev. -132 m

According to Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS) in a media release on 11 August, the Laboratoire de Géophysique (Papeete, Tahiti) reported that seismographs in Rarotonga recorded eruptive activity at Monowai seamount on 3 August. The activity then stopped overnight.

Geologic summary: Monowai seamount, also known as Orion seamount, rises to within 100 m of the sea surface about halfway between the Kermadec and Tonga island groups. The volcano lies at the southern end of the Tonga Ridge and is slightly offset from the Kermadec volcanoes. Small parasitic cones occur on the north and west flanks of the basaltic submarine volcano, which rises from a depth of about 1500 m and was named for one of the New Zealand Navy bathymetric survey ships that documented its morphology. A large 8.5 x 11 km wide submarine caldera with a depth of more than 1500 m lies to the NNE. Numerous eruptions from Monowai have been detected from submarine acoustic signals since it was first recognized as a volcano in 1977. A shoal that had been reported in 1944 may have been a pumice raft or water disturbance due to degassing. Surface observations have included water discoloration, vigorous gas bubbling, and areas of upwelling water, sometimes accompanied by rumbling noises.

[link to thewatchers.adorraeli.com]





GLP