A distant galaxy cluster is said to exhibit evidence for an unknown force. Not a single reference is made to the most powerful known force in the Universe: electricity.

The European Space Agency’s XMM Newton X-ray Telescope research team has found a grouping of galaxies containing more than 1000 times the mass of our own Milky Way in what they believe to be the most distant reaches of the Universe.

The speed of light is used as a benchmark for defining cosmological distance calculations: the shifting of Fraunhofer lines into the red end of observed spectra determines “recessional velocity”. As standard theories dictate, the faster an object recedes from Earth, the farther away it is and the older it is because the Big Bang explosion is said to have imparted an inertial impulse that is causing the Universe to expand. Based on those theoretical parameters, a faster recessional velocity means greater distance, which means an earlier time period.

According to Georg Lamar and his colleagues from the Astrophysikalisches Institut in Potsdam, massive galaxy clusters with such high redshift are rare when they shine so brightly at X-ray wavelengths. As the ESA press release states, the presence of “hot gas” encompassing the cluster with temperatures of 100 million Kelvin makes J083026+524133 the most energetic X-ray source at z > = 1 redshift – 100 times brighter than any other galaxy cluster at that distance................