The Hoei Eruption of Mount Fuji started on December 16, 1707 (23rd day of the 11th month of the year Hoei 4) and ended about January 1, 1708 (9th day of the 12th month of the year Hoei4) during the Edo period.

Although it brought no lava flow, the Hoei eruption released some 800 million cubic meters of volcanic ash, which spread over vast areas around the volcano, even reaching Edo almost 100 km away. Cinders and ash fell like rain in Izu, Kai, Sagami, and Musashi provinces. In Edo, the volcanic ash was several centimetres thick.

The eruption occurred on Mount Fuji's east–north-east flank and formed three new volcanic vents, named No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 Hoei vents. The catastrophe developed over the course of several days—an initial earthquake and explosion of cinders and ash was followed some days later with the more forceful ejections of rocks and stones.

Mount Fuji has not erupted since.