All depends.
If its on my property then its mine and only I decide if and what I want someone to pick if anything. There is a deal with garbage company where you specify how they pick it from you. When they come its their property from that moment.

Its NEVER public property here. There are public garbage dumps but those in fact have an owner. ALWAYS. There is the owner and company which is assigned to it. There are specific deals that say who is responsible for which part and the garbage is never 'free'.
Throwing garbage is a crime if you do not pay and you always have place for it. More. You need to utilize everything. You pay fee for TVs bikes furniture etc. You cant just put it anywhere like that. Many ppl do it but its illegal. You can give it to charity or make a free advert in local press or net but you cant put it openly in public (only on private property).
There are also more and more closed 'public' garbage dumps making it obvious its not free stuff. They try to close all of them. There is in fact no 'public' garbage and trash. There is always an owner and there are alway independent companies who utilize and pick it. In fact it isnt a public service but private business.

I know many are doing it ignoring the law and its mostly ignored. Its just minor crime here and police mostly do not care. It slowly starts beign put in use and Im happy bout that since Im tired of garbage beign thrown around and the mess that the divers make.
You wanna something free? There are other ways of getting it.