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Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD

 
Mister Y
User ID: 33140483
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01/27/2013 03:46 PM
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Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
The ensemble of studies to date suggest that under certain conditions nicotine can act as an anxiolytic and an antidepressant, but that following chronic use, adaptations to nicotine can occur resulting in increased anxiety and depression following withdrawal.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Psychiatric research has documented that enhanced noradrenergic postsynaptic responsiveness in the neuronal pathway (brain circuit) that originates in the locus coeruleus and end in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is a major factor in the pathophysiology of most stress-induced fear-circuitry disorders and especially in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The LC neurons are probably the origin of the first or second “leg” of the "PTSD circuit." An important 2005 study of deceased American army veterans from World War II, was shown combat-related PTSD to be associated with a postmortem diminished number of neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) on the right side of the brain.
The locus coeruleus may figure in clinical depression, panic disorder, and anxiety.
The locus coeruleus is activated by stress, and will respond by increasing norepinephrine secretion, which in turn will alter cognitive function.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]

Systematically administered nicotine in low doses increases the firing rate of rat locus coeruleus (LC) neurons. In the present study, this action of nicotine was found to be prevented by pretreatment with kynurenic acid (1 μmol; i.c.v.).
[link to www.sciencedirect.com]

Contrary to a widely accepted theory, increased activity of locus coeruleus (LC) neurons does not appear to potentiate anxiety; instead, the influence of LC activity may be opposite to this.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Previous electrophysiological experiments have shown that the marked but short-lasting excitation of locus coeruleus (LC) neurons seen after systemic administration of low doses of nicotine is of a peripheral origin. In addition, nicotine induces a weak but more long-lasting activation of LC neurons which is preferentially observed following administration of high doses of the drug.
[link to link.springer.com]
pi

User ID: 20063747
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01/27/2013 03:56 PM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Indeed!

The first metabolite of nicotine, unimaginatively titled cotinine, was a prescription antidepressant until the 1960's.
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 32530991
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01/27/2013 04:04 PM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Well hell son, I could have told you that. ;)
sure it bottles up all them emotions up somewhere, which may cause cancer in the long run.
But for now, having a smoke just makes life, not so bad.
Anonymous Coward (OP)
User ID: 33140483
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01/27/2013 04:18 PM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
They want you to live in fear, like they do with the convicts.

Effects of prison smoking restrictions
Prisons are increasingly restricting tobacco smoking.[98] In the United States, 24 states prohibit indoor smoking whereas California, Nebraska, Arkansas, and Kentucky prohibit smoking on the entire prison grounds, both indoors and outdoors.[99] In July 2004 the Federal Bureau of Prisons adopted a smoke-free policy for its facilities.[100] A 1993 Supreme Court ruling acknowledged that a prisoner's exposure to second-hand smoke could be regarded as cruel and unusual punishment (which would be in violation of the Eighth Amendment).
With the exception of Quebec, all Canadian provinces have banned smoking indoors and outdoors in all their prison facilities.
Prison smoking bans are also in force in New Zealand, the Isle of Man and the Australian states of Victoria, Western Australia and New South Wales. The New Zealand ban was ruled unlawful in December 2012, but the Department of Corrections intends to keep it, even if a law change is required.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33146146
United Kingdom
01/27/2013 04:19 PM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
burnt/oxidised nicotine is niacin aka vit b3..
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 32530991
United States
01/27/2013 04:34 PM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
I have observed for some time that people who smoke are in general far less susceptible to mind control. This of course could be due in part to a lowered fear response.

I have also observed that abuse of prescription opoid pain killers appears to counter these effects to some extent.
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33187321
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01/28/2013 05:24 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking also has effects on adrenal androgen secretion. Higher levels of androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) are found in smokers (62–65). ACTH-stimulated androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels are reported to be higher in male smokers (66).
[link to www.eje-online.org]

Cross-sectional studies have associated cigarette smoking in men with elevated androstenedione and little net effect on other sex steroids.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Androstenedione is the common precursor of male and female sex hormones.
Androstenedione was manufactured as a dietary supplement, often called andro (or andros) for short. Andro was legal and able to be purchased over the counter, and, as a consequence, it was in common use in Major League Baseball throughout the 1990s by record-breaking sluggers like Mark McGwire. The supplement is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, and from the Olympic Games.
The International Olympic Committee in 1997 banned androstenedione and placed it under the category of androgenic-anabolic steroids.
Androstenedione has been shown to increase serum testosterone levels over an eight-hour period in men when taken as a single oral dose of 300 mg per day, but a dose of 100 mg had no significant effect on serum testosterone. However, serum levels of estradiol increased following both the 100 mg and 300 mg doses.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33187321
Romania
01/28/2013 05:47 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking had a gender-specific effect on cognitive function: it improved the performance of males in a verbal task and increased the subjective confidence of females thereby affecting the preferred cognitive strategies for problem solving.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33187321
Romania
01/28/2013 05:52 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Cigarette smoking calms the nerves and gives you confidence
[link to www.youtube.com]
Anonymous Coward
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01/28/2013 05:55 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
It is a long time known Fact!

Nearly all real and manifest depressive People are smoking!
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 9574931
Australia
01/28/2013 06:00 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Cigarette smoking calms the nerves and gives you confidence
[link to www.youtube.com]
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33187321


This post was sponsored by the tobacco industry.


9 out of 1o dead doctors smoked camel.

wtf
Anonymous Coward
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United States
01/28/2013 06:55 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
I love the way they have done everything they can to erase the long history of medical use of alcohol, as well.

As smoking goes down, watch colitis cases go up.

[link to ibdcrohns.about.com]

Ulcerative colitis appears to be a disease of non-smokers. Former smokers are at the highest risk for developing ulcerative colitis, while current smokers have the least risk. This tendency indicates that smoking cigarettes may prevent the onset of ulcerative colitis.
He Is Risen Indeed

User ID: 28631986
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01/28/2013 06:58 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
There might be something to this. I have PTSD from some pretty nasty things that happened to me during my childhood and as an adult. I chew nicotine gum and have noticed a marked decrease in PSTD symptoms for the past 3 1/2 years I've been chewing. It doesn't alleviate symptoms when I'm in periods of extreme stress but now that I think of it the nicotine helps! Figures, I quit smoking and now I'm addicted to the gum. My doctor says its still better than smoking.
Nika

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United States
01/28/2013 07:12 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
bump
:infnty:

:ihavgsbmp:
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33192384
Romania
01/28/2013 07:39 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
I love the way they have done everything they can to erase the long history of medical use of alcohol, as well.

As smoking goes down, watch colitis cases go up.

[link to ibdcrohns.about.com]

Ulcerative colitis appears to be a disease of non-smokers. Former smokers are at the highest risk for developing ulcerative colitis, while current smokers have the least risk. This tendency indicates that smoking cigarettes may prevent the onset of ulcerative colitis.
 Quoting: zenobiaphobia


Non-smokers are more exposed to stress which can induce ulcerative colitis.

The Link Between Stress and Ulcerative Colitis
[link to www.webmd.com]

Short-term stress does not trigger exacerbation in ulcerative colitis, but long-term perceived stress increases the risk of exacerbation over a period of months to years.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nicotine treatment for ulcerative colitis
There is overwhelming epidemiological evidence that smoking protects against ulcerative colitis, the risk of developing the disease being significantly lower in smokers than in non-smokers or former smokers.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33192384
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01/28/2013 07:59 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking is not a virus but here they are talking about an anti-smoking vaccine:

Professor Ronald Crystal of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York said:
The new vaccine contains a harmless virus that has been engineered to carry the genetic information to make anti-nicotine antibodies.
[link to www.couriermail.com.au]

anti-nicotine antibodies??? It's unbelivable how low can get such whorified doctors!
300
User ID: 33134300
Poland
01/28/2013 08:07 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
boss
Anonymous Coward
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01/28/2013 08:11 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
There was also a recent study by a Medical University in the US (Carolina?- will see if I can find it) where the results showed nicotine improves memory.
They are now conducting studies with Altzheimer patients, with strong indications that the degenerative effects of the disease can be halted or slowed down, and in some cases reversed to some degree.
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33192384
Romania
01/28/2013 08:12 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking is not a virus but here they are talking about an anti-smoking vaccine:

Professor Ronald Crystal of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York said:
The new vaccine contains a harmless virus that has been engineered to carry the genetic information to make anti-nicotine antibodies.
[link to www.couriermail.com.au]

anti-nicotine antibodies??? It's unbelivable how low can get such whorified doctors!
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


The truth is that the anti-smoking vaccine targets VMAT2 gene, called the God gene.

Geneticist Dean Hamer has suggested that the VMAT2 gene correlates with spirituality using data from a smoking survey, which included questions intended to measure "self-transcendence". Hamer performed the spirituality study on the side, independently of the National Cancer Institute smoking study. His findings were published in the mass-market book The God Gene: How Faith Is Hard-Wired Into Our Genes.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]

Pentagon Video from 4-13-2005: Flu Vaccine against religious behaviour by inhibiting VMAT2 gene
> [link to www.youtube.com]

They want to create godless sheeple devoid of any spirituality.
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33192384
Romania
01/28/2013 08:21 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking is not a virus but here they are talking about an anti-smoking vaccine:

Professor Ronald Crystal of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York said:
The new vaccine contains a harmless virus that has been engineered to carry the genetic information to make anti-nicotine antibodies.
[link to www.couriermail.com.au]

anti-nicotine antibodies??? It's unbelivable how low can get such whorified doctors!
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


The truth is that the anti-smoking vaccine targets VMAT2 gene, called the God gene.

Geneticist Dean Hamer has suggested that the VMAT2 gene correlates with spirituality using data from a smoking survey, which included questions intended to measure "self-transcendence". Hamer performed the spirituality study on the side, independently of the National Cancer Institute smoking study. His findings were published in the mass-market book The God Gene: How Faith Is Hard-Wired Into Our Genes.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]

Pentagon Video from 4-13-2005: Flu Vaccine against religious behaviour by inhibiting VMAT2 gene
> [link to www.youtube.com]

They want to create godless sheeple devoid of any spirituality.
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


"In 2004, the government started experimenting with VMAT2. The project was titled FunVax. It stands for Fundamentalism Vaccine."
Thread: Project FUNVAX: Secret Gov't Vaccine NEUTRALIZES the God Gene VMAT2 / being used in M.E.
Thread: How well is their "FUNVAX" working in the middle east now???
natasha77

User ID: 32834078
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01/28/2013 08:22 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
This is very true.smoke2222smoke2222
SPEAK UP. SILENCE IS DEADLY!

I am currently experiencing life at several WTFs per hour.
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

User ID: 23015268
Croatia
01/28/2013 08:22 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
stoner
Handle
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 9574931
Australia
01/28/2013 08:27 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking is not a virus but here they are talking about an anti-smoking vaccine:

Professor Ronald Crystal of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York said:
The new vaccine contains a harmless virus that has been engineered to carry the genetic information to make anti-nicotine antibodies.
[link to www.couriermail.com.au]

anti-nicotine antibodies??? It's unbelivable how low can get such whorified doctors!
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


The truth is that the anti-smoking vaccine targets VMAT2 gene, called the God gene.

Geneticist Dean Hamer has suggested that the VMAT2 gene correlates with spirituality using data from a smoking survey, which included questions intended to measure "self-transcendence". Hamer performed the spirituality study on the side, independently of the National Cancer Institute smoking study. His findings were published in the mass-market book The God Gene: How Faith Is Hard-Wired Into Our Genes.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]

Pentagon Video from 4-13-2005: Flu Vaccine against religious behaviour by inhibiting VMAT2 gene
> [link to www.youtube.com]

They want to create godless sheeple devoid of any spirituality.
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


Better than creating godless big tobacco shills.

5a
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 17743321
Canada
01/28/2013 08:33 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Not the article I was referring to in my post but along the same lines:


Nicotine patch may help improve memory, study finds
By Linda Carroll


Nicotine may help tune up the brains of seniors suffering from mild memory loss, a new study shows.

Researchers found that seniors suffering from mild cognitive impairment, or MCI, could boost their memories with a nicotine patch, according to the study published in Neurology.

The patches also led to improvements in attention and mental processing. But these effects weren’t as strong as the impact on memory, said study co-author Dr. Paul Newhouse, a professor of psychiatry and director of the Center for Cognitive Medicine at Vanderbilt Medical Center. “The take-home message for this is that nicotine may be helpful in those with early signs of memory loss,” Newhouse said.
Advertise | AdChoices


MCI is considered to be a precursor to Alzheimer’s disease, bringing similar, though less severe, symptoms such as mild memory loss, slowed thinking and attention problems. Currently, there are no medications approved to treat those symptoms.
Experts suspect that in MCI, just as in Alzheimer’s disease, there is deterioration and death of nerve cells in the brain that make a critical chemical messenger called acetylcholine. As levels of the neurotransmitter drop, memory and other mental functions decline.


Nicotine has just the right shape to mimic acetylcholine and fit snugly into some of the same receptors that the neurotransmitter does.

Newhouse and his colleagues followed 67 seniors with MCI for six months. Half the study volunteers wore a nicotine patch, while the others wore a placebo patch. The seniors, who were aged 55 and older, were tested for declines in memory and other mental skills at the beginning of the study. They were retested at three months and again at six months into the study.

At the end of the study, volunteers who had worn a patch saw improvements in memory of 46 percent. Those who were treated with placebos declined by about 26 percent over the same period of time.

The nicotine may simply be improving symptoms and not helping with the actual disease, Newhouse said. But there has been some research suggesting that nicotine might actually offer some protection to the cells being damaged by Alzheimer’s.
Anonymous Coward
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01/28/2013 08:34 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
stoner
 Quoting: aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa


^^^That's not nicotine, but the only thing I'll smoke.

thumbs
Mr_Electric

User ID: 33182544
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01/28/2013 08:40 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
I luvz my nicotine! I just would rather VAPE it!! I'm puffing on a White Cloud right now (a Fling disposable - 54mg/5.4%). Num nums!!

The more the better! I used to dip Copenhagen, so in order for me to quit, I had to go to the higher nicotine level electronic cigarettes and White Cloud has the highest nicotine levels for the pre-filled cartridge brands.

This is great news!! :)
[The time of Christ's return is drawing near. Repent of your sins and be reconciled to God the Father through the precious blood of Jesus Christ. The days of salvation are still here. Cry out to God and believe on Jesus while there is still time.]
Anonymous Coward
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United States
01/28/2013 08:50 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
I luvz my nicotine! I just would rather VAPE it!! I'm puffing on a White Cloud right now (a Fling disposable - 54mg/5.4%). Num nums!!

The more the better! I used to dip Copenhagen, so in order for me to quit, I had to go to the higher nicotine level electronic cigarettes and White Cloud has the highest nicotine levels for the pre-filled cartridge brands.

This is great news!! :)
 Quoting: Mr_Electric


Same here. I use 3.0 tanks for the day, Ry4 custom blended at a local spot, and a 1300 batt.

Great stuff, helped me quit smoking a long while back, and theyve come a long way, baby.
Anonymous Coward
User ID: 33192384
Romania
01/28/2013 08:54 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking is not a virus but here they are talking about an anti-smoking vaccine:

Professor Ronald Crystal of Weill Cornell Medical College in New York said:
The new vaccine contains a harmless virus that has been engineered to carry the genetic information to make anti-nicotine antibodies.
[link to www.couriermail.com.au]

anti-nicotine antibodies??? It's unbelivable how low can get such whorified doctors!
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


The truth is that the anti-smoking vaccine targets VMAT2 gene, called the God gene.

Geneticist Dean Hamer has suggested that the VMAT2 gene correlates with spirituality using data from a smoking survey, which included questions intended to measure "self-transcendence". Hamer performed the spirituality study on the side, independently of the National Cancer Institute smoking study. His findings were published in the mass-market book The God Gene: How Faith Is Hard-Wired Into Our Genes.
[link to en.wikipedia.org]

Pentagon Video from 4-13-2005: Flu Vaccine against religious behaviour by inhibiting VMAT2 gene
> [link to www.youtube.com]

They want to create godless sheeple devoid of any spirituality.
 Quoting: Anonymous Coward 33192384


The proof that smoking upregulates VMAT2:

Mice were injected with nicotine free base 2mg/kg, sc, four times daily for 14 days and killed 12-72h after drug discontinuation. VMAT2 protein was increased in the striatum of nicotine-treated mice in a time-dependent fashion at all times studied. Furthermore, in situ hybridization studies demonstrated that VMAT2 mRNA was elevated in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area, indicating enhanced gene expression and subsequent protein synthesis.
[link to europepmc.org]
Anonymous Coward
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United States
01/28/2013 08:58 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Sounds like a load of horseshit to me.

I get my nic from vaping. But it acts just like it should, as a mild stimulant, not a damn xanax.
Anonymous Coward
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United States
01/28/2013 09:00 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
Smoking counter acts antidepressants because it does the opposite.
Antidepressants reduce serotonin while nicotine increases it.
Anonymous Coward
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Japan
01/28/2013 09:06 AM
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Re: Nicotine fights fear, anxiety, PTSD
I'd say it has definitely helped me through my PTSD throughout the earthquake/nuclear crisis here. I chain smoked for 2 weeks after that all happened. It kept me from losing my shit while watching Fukushima blow it's top and during the constant dizzying aftershocks.





GLP