Unresolved mistery: What is the speed of Gravity?

"empty space within atoms? 99.9999% empty space?"
No, not empty space. An electro-magnetic field.

"why is atoms/matters not compressible?"
The electro-magnetic field is extremely strong, especially at close distances.

"positive charged nuclear and negative charged electron are attracting each other ..."
No, there are not two different charges. It is not "positive" and "negative". There is only "charge" or "discharge".


"... how could they don't stick together and have empty space in between?"
They are not orbiting balls like in the Bohr model. That model is based upon the faulty assumption that there are particles, like planets orbiting the sun. An atom is fields and forces, not particles.

what em field between proton and electron within a hydrogen atom?

there is only 1 force in the system, the attraction force between the proton and the electron, f=Ke x pe/rr.

the only possibility is the 2 particles stick together under the attraction force, like an iron bb stick to a magnet.

how the fuck the electron can orbiting/waving/clouding around the proton? what is the mechanism?

wave function, energy level, orbital, quantum state, all word salad, imaginary, bs science.

I told you, there are no particles. No protons. No electrons.

It is fields.

Those things on the list "wave function, energy level, orbital ..." are models, not what is actually happening. They are more sophisticated models than the Bohr model, but they are still just models, approximations, analogies, aids in calculations, etc.

you are full of it

what field? electric field? magnetic field? gravity field? quantum field?

what stuff carries those fields?

empty space?

I have given those answers before in this thread. My user ID has not changed so they can easily be found.

There is no point in me continuing if you do not read.

There are four forces that hold atoms togheter and make solid matter uncompressible, and liquid matter almost close to that.

You can find the definition of them, and explanations, widely on the Internet. Just google it.

Using them under the NEW quantum mechanics, chemistry has advanced inmensely since the 60's, and keeps going: new composed materials stronger than steel, materials that absorb radiation, materials and paints that allow things to stick togheter and, very soon, will allow people to climb walls using gloves like Spiderman.

One important concept that PREVENTS atoms to be more close than at a given distance is the Pauli Exclusion Principle, that states that ONLY ONE ELECTRON can share an energy state (or orbit, if you want). This prevents, for instance, that the sigle atoms (Hydrogen) that exists in a liquid state of Hydrogen be pushed a litte bit more togheter. There is another important principle of exclusion, along with this, but I let this subject here.

An electron, at any state it exists at your will (wave, particle) can't be closer to the proton less than 50000 times the proton ratio, wich has been measured.

The proton can be divided in elementary particles.
The electron can not, because it is an elementary particle.

In chemistry, the bondages properties of atoms and molecules are widely used today to create extraordinary things, being the chemistry inorganic or organic.

One more thing: There is a theory that says that the NET charge of the Universe is ZERO. When two particles of the same things mutually repels, there is a force in play. When two particles of different sign atracts one to each other, there is another force WITH A DIFFERENT VALUE.

So, in the matter, the difference between both electrostatic forces is not NULL, and is what we call GRAVITY.

More atoms togheter, more Gravity. A very simple theory, yet unproven.

You can google it.

google/wiki yours asses

bs theories is bs no matter where it from

what four forces? what're the carriers of the four forces?

what mechanism?

for those read and believe, there is no science.

it is religion.

Neutron stars:

Neutron stars are created when giant stars die in supernovas and their cores collapse, with the protons and electrons essentially melting into each other to form neutrons.

A neutron star is so dense that one teaspoon (5 milliliters) of its material would have a mass over5.5×1012 kg (that is 1100 tonnes per 1 nanolitre), about 900 times the mass of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

So, atoms collapse sometimes, isn't it? Or this is another crap theory that doesn`t fit with current quantum physics?

You only have to heat hydrogen and hellium togheter, while pressing strongly and matter collapses? And if you press enough a neutron star, do you get a black hole?

FACE SCIENCE!

More! Then you have white dwarfs, that compete with neutron stars but emits light?

If a red giant has insufficient mass to generate the core temperatures, around 1 billion K, required to fuse carbon, an inert mass of carbon and oxygen will build up at its center. After such a star sheds its outer layers and forms a planetary nebula, it will leave behind a core, which is the remnant white dwarf.

How is it going, Einstein?

Now, putting all togheter: neutron stars, white dwarfs, black holes, space, time and GRAVITY!

They know nothing! And we pay for it! Calling for Mr. Einstein!

Everything made of atoms is 99.99999998% empty space.

Everything is nothing.

Nothing is everything.

All of these are nonsense.

Space is not completely a vacuum. There are ionized gases which conduct electricity, and there are electric currents in space. These are what create the structures misinterpreted as "neutron stars", "black holes", etc.

the closest star is 4 light years away. we don't even sure if mars has water. forget about those science stories.

all things have a precise mechanism, any theory without it is not correct.

there are only two kinds of charges, same charge repel each other, opposite charge attract each other.

there are only two kinds of forces, attraction and repulsion force.

the whole universe is made from charged particles, there is no other force other than eldectrostatic force.

all things we see, all actions, wind power, solar energy, nuclear power, push a car, all are electrostatic force at work.

without charge, there is no force. without force, there is no mass.

charge and mass is like two faces of a coin.

f=G x m1m2/rr and f=Ke x q1q2/rr may shine a light on you now.

mass proportional to total charges it carries.

I'll tell that you are absolutely correct regarding charged particles in the space, at least in our solar system. I don't know if these particles travels out of our S.S. and goes to other systems, like Alpha Centauri (4 years light far away) or they stay around this system.

It is a thing that happens permanently with our Sun, 24x7, and is called SOLAR WIND, and is composed of protons (ions from helium and hydrogen) and electrons that are teared apart at the Sun surface (maybe the heat breaks their atomic bondings).

This "wind" is VERY STRONG when there are solar flares (M and X types) and really can be measured. The PLASMA (a soup of ions and electrons, wich is the fourth state of the matter) can actually be seen at plain sight (with protection).

When this WIND reaches the Earth (it can take days), is mostly trapped in:

- Van Allen radiation belts: There are two (positive and
negative).
- The ionosphere.

The particles that can't be trapped there (the IONS) are conveyed through the MAGNETOSPHERE, wich amplifies greatly the intensity of the + electric current and produces effects similar to an EMP (read about the Carrington Event, circa 1850).

If the X flare is strong enogh, then the ions strikes the Earth surface, with strange and sometimes desvastasting effects (also on flying planes).

Everything that looks like a transmission line (HV power lines, ferrocarril riels, etc) capture these ions, creating current surges at voltages so high that sometimes fries the huge transformers in the electrical grid. These are proven and measured facts that happens constantly.

So, the SPACE on our Solar System is filled of positive and negative charges EVERYWHERE. Besides, the plasma produces other DEADLY radiations like Gamma Rays and Beta Particles (Two protons and two neutrons). All of this KILLS PEOPLE at the space (we are protected on the surface) and makes LONG space travels IMPOSSIBLE (i.e.: Mars). There is NO PROTECTION against this radiation, not even using thick lead screens.

And, finally, not a single Solar system model INCLUDES these particles and radiation. INTERESTING, isn't it?

Sorry for the long post.

a hydrogen atom has 1 atomic weight, equals to 1836 total charges, no matter positive or negative.

1 proton carries 918 positive charges, attracted 917 negative charged enertrons.

proton can never be seen, it is deeply hidden within 917 negative charged enertron ball. like the core of earth is deep within the crust. 1 electron float on the enertron ball like air flow above ground to form neutrally charged hydrogen atom.

i assume this model is correct, based on proven physics laws, f=Ke x q1q1/rr and f=G x m1m2/rr, and facts, 1 proton and 1 electron cannot form into a hydrogen atom in reality, atoms are not compressible/empty space.

the rest of science is just connecting the dots.

you copy some science lies and paste here. thought you are expert.

it is all bs.

what solar wind? proton and electron wind from the sun?

maybe the heat breaks their atomic bondings?

what is heat? what atomic bondings? what mechanism?

van allen belts? you see it in your dream? what is it made of? what's the mechanism?

if the sun explodes, everything flies apart, gravity will pull every piece back together.

solar wind your dumb ass.

ever seen a volcano shooting lava to the moon?

i did it some lonesome night

its simple, gravity has no speed because it has no mass, gravity wave is determined by the speed of which the particles move in a givin time, Gravity Wave is a misnomer. Gravity is the distortion of space time created by mass. it would be like asking what the speed of the crease in your newspaper

bs

gravity has no speed because it has no mass?

is information/light has speed? is it has mass?

is the repulsion force between 2 electrons has speed? is it has mass?

gravity is the distortion of space time created by mass?

how mass distorts space time? what mechanism?

is bsing making you happy?

WIND is a figure of speech, you smart ass. Google it.

Heat is developed as one of several types of radiation are created at the Sun, wich bases its nuclear oven by fusion projects (Hydrogen atoms becoming Hellium atoms, less one electron). Do you believe in fusion process, like the A bomb? Heat is measured in the infrared range, as a measure of atoms disorder. It is measured in Kelvin or Celsius degrees.

Regarding copy and paste, even when I do sometimes for some paragraphs in order to avoid errors in my very much flawed english, I wrote the last post by memory.

Regarding PLASMA, google it, Internet child.

I knew of its existance when people, like me, used to read books at college. They still exists, but Internet has made things easier.

Plasma is the fourth state of matter, and solar wind is a "poetic license" to describe what constitutes zillion of charged particles being expelled by the Sun, because of the atomic process that they place there.

Instead of insulting, take a time to find out if some of what you mocks exists or is false. Use papers from different universities, widely available and avoid Wiki.

you can't insult fact

don't know the mechanism, read and repeat and believe.

you are very smart, happy now?

how is solar wind possible? what is the mechanism?

the sun shooting out protons and electrons? how?

are those protons and electrons attracting each other?

are those particles escaping from the sun? is the sun exploding? what mechanism?

how is the solar wind end up?

why is solar wind not pushing earth away?

if you didn't read fake science news and believe, there is no solar wind.

dumb ass, sorry for you, cus you are my brother.

Solar wind
Wikipedia
[link to en.wikipedia.org (secure)]

The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun. This plasma consists of mostly electrons, protons and alpha particles with thermal energies between 1.5 and 10 keV. Embedded within the solar-wind plasma is the interplanetary magnetic field.[2] The solar wind varies in density, temperature and speed over time and over solar latitude and longitude. Its particles can escape the Sun's gravity because of their high energy resulting from the high temperature of the corona, which in turn is a result of the coronal magnetic field.

At a distance of more than a few solar radii from the Sun, the solar wind is supersonic and reaches speeds of 250 to 750 kilometers per second.[3] The flow of the solar wind is no longer supersonic at the termination shock. The Voyager 2 spacecraft crossed the shock more than five times between 30 August and 10 December 2007.[4] Voyager 2 crossed the shock about a billion kilometers closer to the Sun than the 13.5 billion kilometer distance where Voyager 1 came upon the termination shock.[5][6] The spacecraft moved outward through the termination shock into the heliosheath and onward toward the interstellar medium. Other related phenomena include the aurora (northern and southern lights), the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the Sun, and geomagnetic storms that can change the direction of magnetic field lines.

how they measure the speed of the wind?

how many protons per square inch?

how much mass does the sun shoot out per second due to solar wind?

wiki is fact?

it is all bs

the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the Sun.

comets tails are not plasma, cold gasses.

comets tails point away from the sun is due to the sun's energy/virating electrostatic force is point away from the sun.

nasa, japan, china, all declare solar sail is working.

it is all bs.

if photon has momentum, sunlight able to push solar sails, why is the strongest laser beam/photon beam cannot bend a flame or produce air flow?

people are brainwashed since day 1 at school.

lots science knowledge are mistaken.

who is going to fix that?

the only honest scientist that i know of tried, but failed.

All these fifty years of conscious brooding have brought me no nearer to the answer to the question, 'What are light quanta?' Nowadays every Tom, D i c k and Harry thinks he knows it, but he is mistaken. -Albert Einstein

he won a nobel for his quanta theory/photoelectric effect, his quote was a big wake-up call for the science swamp.

too bad, the swamp is rotten.

"he won a nobel for his quanta theory/photoelectric effect"

That's the problem right there:

1) The fact that you can "win a prize" exposes mainstream "science" to be a circus.

2) The photoelectric effect is real, but Einstein's explanation is nonsense, and the belief in that nonsense "quantum theory" virtually killed true science.

qm is still the top seller in science

big bang science's ass i want to

- The "wind" is composed by electrons and ions (1 proton from Hydrogen and 1 proton and 1 neutron from Hellium). The speed is measured by watching a solar flare and measuring the interval it takes to reach a man-made satellite specially designed for measuring Sun radiation reaching Earth, by balloons with instruments, by planes with instruments and on land based labs. The speed varies greatly upon the intensity of the flare.

- Protons and electrons, don't forget that. Google the answer.

- Insignificant amount of mass. Total mass of the Sun is about 2.67Exp27 kg. The mass of a proton is 1.67Exp-27 and the number of atoms in the Sun is about 10Exp54.
The solar wind particles take between two to four days to reach earth, so do the math of the speed. There are about 300 million protons per square centimeter per second at the Earth’s distance from the Sun. Once again, do the math regarding an sphere with a radius of 150 million Km, and you`ll have your answer.

Google it.

QM and electromagnetic theory are TOP notch and provides industrial and scientifical tools to develop new things every day.

Gravity theories are a waste of time, with a zillion theories disputing the WRONG relativity, wich is flawed everywhere, specially explaining galaxies movements and rare cosmic events. This theories are for the MACRO universe, and are useless for earthly matters, as opposite are to the MICRO universe wich uses QM and electromagnetism (this micro universe is our Earth and the Solar system).

Both theories are applied on spaces and times that are billions of time larger one with each other.

Nobody believes seriously in the BBT, and cosmologists are working on string theories to explain gravity, dark energy and dark matter. It's kind of trendy today, but there are new theories that will displace the current one.