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*** Fukushima *** and other nuclear-----updates and links
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[quote:Anonymous Coward 1295673:MV8xNTM3MTQ2XzMwMDE2NTcyXzMxQzczQjIw] New report from NIRShttp://www.nirs.org/ way less than 50% Health at a Glance in the Post-Earthquake Japan http://www.nirs.org/fukushima/eeri_nirs_paper022212.pdf -The explosion in Unit 3, which was very likely a small nuclear explosion, is almost certainly responsible for the distribution highly radioactive fuel rod fragments on the site, and apparently more than 1/2 mile from the site. Unlike Chernobyl which is often dismissed as a lesser design, the Fukushima Daiichi reactors, and many others in Japan, are of US design and construction. -Another unique factor of a radiological disaster: impacts of the past and present are dwarfed by the impacts that lie ahead, in the future. It is important to add: non-human life (plants, animals, fungi, viruses and bacteria) will also suffer mutation, disease and death. -The level "up to 20 mSv" is not safe, as will be discussed below. These zones are less protective than those established for the area around Chernobyl, which by contrast are: 1-5 mSv - zone of control 5-20 mSv - zone of limited occupancy 20-50 mSv - occupancy prohibited (no permanent residence) > 50mSv - restricted zone Clearly the Soviet / Ukrainian governments placed a limit on unrestricted occupancy near Chernobyl that is four times more protective than the plan offered by the Japanese government. -The radioactivity expelled from the Fukushima Daiichi reactors ranks as one of the largest public health emergencies in the history of the world. This tragedy is only beginning; like the other major radiological releases*6 there will be no "end" insofar as contamination will persist for hundreds of years at dangerous levels. Efforts are being made, and will continue, to reduce the amount of radiation that people are exposed to, but sadly these are not good enough. -In broad-brush, none of these conclusions are controversial among radiation researchers: 1. There is no "safe" dose of radiation -- every exposure has the risk of adverse health outcomes, including fatal cancer; all life-forms are impacted, not only our species; 2. The outcome from radiation most studied is cancer -- but it is not the only health impact; 3. Children are most vulnerable to harm from radiation due to smaller body mass and rapid cell division; and girls are more impacted than boys; 4. Women are 50 percent more vulnerable to harm from a given level of exposure compared to men (this may be due to greater mass of radiosensitive reproductive tissue in females); 5. Some people are born with a gene that makes them more vulnerable to radiation harm; 6. Internal exposure results from breathing contaminated air, drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated food and this results in higher levels (and generally longer exposure) to tissue than purely external doses like X-rays; 7. Current methods of calculating radiation doses do not account for the difference of internal and external exposure, or gender; sometimes age and body mass are factored, but usually not when reporting an ambient radiation level. -We know the radioactivity from Japan has "gone global" since the radioactive air masses circled the Northern Hemisphere repeatedly. We cannot reliably know what the consequences over time will be; we will hear many estimates in the years to come, and most of these estimates will not agree with each other. Barring change, most will under-report the consequences for women and for children since: the regulation of radiation and nuclear activity (worldwide) ignores the disproportionately greater harm to both women and children -[b]None of this is as important as the simple fact is that children in parts of Japan, right now, are sleeping, eating, playing and going to school in places highly contaminated.[/b] Further, the Japanese government has affirmed that people, including children, can stay in areas where readings of radiation monitors project an annual dose of 20 mSv*8, a level 20 times higher doses regulators "allow" an adult in the general public receive in a year from nuclear energy operations. The dose to the children will be more than that: the child's body is smaller, and the 1 mSv is based on external radiation exposure, while the children in Japan (and adults too) are inhaling and ingesting radioactivity, as people in Ukraine and Belarus (and people across Europe) did during and after the Chernobyl disaster. Children, and their communities, living in contaminated areas will get doses that radiation regulators will not be fully assess because there is no easy way to track internalized radioactivity ~ b [/quote]
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Daily updates pertaining to nuclear events.
Fukushima-Daiichi live view.
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link to www.tepco.co.jp
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