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2019-nCov Gene Sequence breakdown
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In effort to better understand how 2019-nCoV affects the infected I pulled one of the available genetic sequences and started researching each component.
This is at least interesting, and in my case revealing of just how capable humans are of engineering viruses and gene modification in general.
Below is a breakdown of the whole sequence and some links to more information.
Please know that I have no education in virology and the selection of information here doesn't in any way imply that the complete 2019-nCoV sequence will function as direct combination of it's components. There are too many variables to say such a thing without more knowledge.
But, I haven't seen any deep dive into this virus, or any virus really so thought it worth putting out there. Please do your research if interested and post links here.
Looking forward to open discussion and any interesting direction this thread might go.
Link to full 2019-nCoV genetic sequence:
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (secure)]
ORF1ab polyprotein: Multifunctional protein involved in the transcription and replication of viral RNAs.
Contains NSP1 - 16. Read up on NSP1 - 16 here:
[link to www.drugbank.ca (secure)]
Surface glycoprotein: Structural protein; spike protein. Glycoproteins are more hydrophilic than simple proteins. This means glycoproteins are more attracted to water than ordinary proteins. Their hydrophilic nature allows them to function in the aqueous environment, where they act in cell-cell recognition and binding of other molecules.
[link to www.thoughtco.com (secure)]
ORF3a protein (open reading frame 3a): Induces proinflammatory cytokines. Read more here:
[link to www.fasebj.org (secure)]
Envelope Protein: The CoV envelope (E) protein is a small, integral membrane protein involved in several aspects of the virus’ life cycle, such as assembly, budding, envelope formation, and pathogenesis.
[link to virologyj.biomedcentral.com (secure)]
Membrane glycoprotein: Interacts with envelope E protein in the budding compartment of the host cell, which is located between endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex:
[link to www.uniprot.org (secure)]
High similarity is identified for the M protein orthologues in all known members of Coronaviridae:
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (secure)]
ORF6 protein (open reading fram 6): Binds to and disrupts nuclear import complex formation by tethering karyopherin alpha 2 and karyopherin beta 1 to the membrane. Retention of import factors at the ER/Golgi membrane leads to a loss of STAT1 transport into the nucleus in response to interferon signaling, thus blocking the expression of STAT1-activated genes that establish an antiviral state
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (secure)]
ORF7a protein (open reading frame 7a): Makes its home in structure cells use to modify proteins destined for transport to the cell surface. Researchers don't have any hard evidence of orf7a's function, but they speculate that the protein's positioning could enable it to block proteins that help alert the immune system or to assist reproduced viral proteins as they make their way out of the cell.
[link to www.sciencedaily.com (secure)]
ORF7b protein (open reading frame 7b): It is likely that the ORF7b protein contains a Golgi complex targeting sequence
[link to jvi.asm.org (secure)]
Predicted to be a 44-amino-acid, highly hydrophobic protein with no identified sequence homology to other viral or cellular proteins. Given the highly hydrophobic nature of ORF7b, it has been hypothesized that ORF7b is a transmembrane protein and possibly a viral structural protein.
[link to europepmc.org]
ORF8 protein (open reading frame 8): Potential recombination events were identified around ORF8. The high Ka/Ks ratio among human SARS-CoVs compared to that among SARSr-BatCoVs supported that ORF8 is under strong positive selection during animal-to-human transmission.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (secure)]
nucleocapsid phosphoprotein: Packages the viral genome into a helical ribonucleocapsid (RNP) and plays a fundamental role during viral self-assembly.
[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (secure)]
Nucleocapsid is an unit of vrial structure, consisting of a capsid with the enclosed nucleic acid; it is generally inside the cytoplasm. Depending on the virus, the nucleocapsid may correspond to a naked core or be surrounded by a membranous envelope.
In 2012, a novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent of rapidly progressive acute respiratory infection in two men from the Middle East. In these enveloped viruses, the filamentous nucleocapsid is formed by the association of nucleocapsid (N) protein with single-stranded viral RNA (Figure 1). The nucleocapsid protein is a highly immunogenic phosphoprotein also implicated in viral genome replication and in modulating cell signaling pathways.
[link to www.sinobiological.com (secure)]
ORF10 protein (open reading frame 10): Inhibits cellular gene expression, thereby impeding host antiviral responses.
ORF10-targeted genes are able to sensitize the reporter transcript to export inhibition by ORF10.
[link to www.researchgate.net (secure)]
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