The speed of light is 300,000 km/s relative to what?

to where you are DA

Meaning... spacetime or space ...or time ?
- perception ?



The Large Magellanic cloud is a mere 160,000 light years away, while Andromeda is 2.5 million light years away. For comparison, modern humans have only walked the Earth for about 300,000 years.

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When you look up, how far back in time do you see?

December 28, 2018 by
Michael J. I. Brown,
The Conversation
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When you look up, how far back in time do you see?
When we look at the moon, we are seeing it as it was just over a second ago. Credit: ESO/G.Hüdepohl, CC BY
Our senses are stuck in the past. There's a flash of lightning, and then seconds pass until we hear the rumble of distant thunder. We hear the past.
We are seeing into the past too.
While sound travels about a kilometre every three seconds, light travels 300,000 kilometres every second. When we see a flash of lighting three kilometres away, we are seeing something that happened a hundredth of a millisecond ago. That's not exactly the distant past.
But as we look further afield, we can peer further back. We can see seconds, minutes, hours and years into the past with our own eyes. Looking through a telescope, we can look even further into the past.

A second back in time

If you really want to look back in time, you need to look up.

The moon is our nearest celestial neighbour—a world with valleys, mountains and craters.
It's also about 380,000km away, so it takes 1.3 seconds for light to travel from the moon to us. We see the moon not as it is, but as it was 1.3 seconds ago.
The moon doesn't change much from instant to instant, but this 1.3-second delay is perceptible when mission control talks to astronauts on the moon. Radio waves travel at the speed of light, so a message from mission control takes 1.3 seconds to get to the moon, and even the quickest of replies takes another 1.3 seconds to come back.





Radio communications to the moon have a perceptible time delay.

Minutes and hours

It's not hard to look beyond the moon and further back in time. The Sun is about 150 million km away, so we see it as it was about 8 minutes ago.
Even our nearest planetary neighbours, Venus and Mars, are tens of millions of kilometres away, so we see them as they were minutes ago. When Mars is very close to Earth, we are seeing it as it was about three minutes ago, but at other times light takes more than 20 minutes to travel from Mars to Earth.
This presents some problems if you're on Earth controlling a Rover on Mars. If you're driving the Rover at 1km per hour then the lag, due to the finite speed of light, means the rover could be 200 metres ahead of where you see it, and it could travel another 200 metres after you command it to hit the brakes.
Not surprisingly, Martian Rovers aren't breaking any speed records, travelling at 5cm per second (0.18kph or 0.11mph), and on-board computers help with driving, to prevent rover wrecks.


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Earth is just 4.5 billion years old, and even the universe itself is 13.8 billion years old. Relatively few people have seen APM 08279+5255 with their own eyes, and in doing so they (and I) have looked back across almost the entire history of our universe.
So when you look up, remember you aren't seeing things as they are now; you're seeing things as they were.


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Relative to our measurement of kilometers per second, you idiot! What the fuck did you think it was relative to?

Last Edited by TheEndBeautifulFriend on 01/03/2019 11:03 PM

Relative to your frame of reference

It's magic! Any faster and the light is no longer light, or moving, or anything logically conceptualized, perhaps?

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Distance is a numerical measurement of how far apart ....
d...elay>?
.....

her0edity

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Older literature refers to the metric as the Pythagorean metric

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so its magic
maya (pl mayim?) sparkling

:magic:

BBQ on the 18th hole

The speed of light is constant in all inertial (non-accelerating) frames of reference.

Most importantly, relative to your eyeballs.

Maybe it connects to the Moon and Krishna .Christ
See here - starts at 1 03 46 >>

Supposedly moving or stationary measurement of the speed of light it will measure out to the same speed. I am only a messenger.

That speed is relative to the source of the electromagnetic radiation. That radiation will strike targets that are at various speeds greater than or less than the source of the radiation (approaching or declining in distance with the source) producing the red shift effect.

Relative to where the measurement is taken?

I think if you had a car moving 1/2 the speed of light and turned the head lights on it would not measure out to the head on stationary observer as c + 1/2 c but it would measure out to just c or the speed of light. Illogical if you ask me.

Last Edited by Victor Vectors on 01/05/2019 10:39 AM

"The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics. Its exact value is 299,792,458 metres per second (approximately 300,000 km/s (186,000 mi/s))

186+282 = 468

468+864 = 1332

1332 reverse is 2331

2331/3 = 777

7 x 7 x 7 = 343

"The speed of sound is the distance traveled per unit time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. At 20 °C (68 °F), the speed of sound in air is about 343 meters per second"

Accurate speed of light is 186282.397 miles per second


"The sun is nearly a perfect sphere. Its equatorial diameter and its polar diameter differ by only 6.2 miles (10 km). The mean radius of the sun is 432,450 miles (696,000 kilometers), which makes its diameter about 864,938 miles (1.392 million km)."

865,000 miles roughly

186+282+397 = 865

865/5 = 173

"June 21 is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 193 days remaining until the end of the year."


"This day usually marks the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, which is the day of the year with the most hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere and the fewest hours of daylight in the Southern Hemisphere."

Speed of light roughly is 186282 miles per second.

186+282 = 468

468+864 = 1332

1332 reverse is 2331

1332+2331 = 3663

3663/3 = 1221

"December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 10 days remaining until the end of the year."

"In the Northern Hemisphere, December 21 is usually the shortest day of the year and is sometimes regarded as the first day of winter. In the Southern Hemisphere, December 21 is usually the longest day of the year and occurs during the southern summer."

186+282 = 468

Reverse is 864

"The second is the SI base unit of time, commonly understood and historically defined as 1/86400 of a day"

"1 second is defined to be exactly "the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom""

See the numbers..

186+282 = 468

468+864 = 1332

1332/2 = 666

36 x 37 = 1332
63 x 37 = 2331

1221 = 33 x 37

666 is 18 x 37

9,192,631,770

91+92+63+17+70 = 333

37

"In physics, the fine-structure constant, also known as Sommerfeld's constant, commonly denoted by α (the Greek letter alpha), is a dimensionless physical constant characterizing the strength of the electromagnetic interaction between elementary charged particles."

"Physicist Leon M. Lederman numbered his home near Fermilab 137 based on the significance of the number to those in his profession. Lederman expounded on the significance of the number in his book The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?, noting that not only was it the inverse of the fine-structure constant, but was also related to the probability that an electron will emit or absorb a photon—i.e., Feynman's conjecture. He added that it also "contains the crux of electromagnetism (the electron), relativity (the velocity of light), and quantum theory (Planck's constant). It would be less unsettling if the relationship between all these important concepts turned out to be one or three or maybe a multiple of pi. But 137?” The number 137, according to Lederman, "shows up naked all over the place,” meaning that scientists on any planet in the universe using whatever units they have for charge or speed, and whatever their version of Planck’s constant may be, will all come up with 137, because it is a pure number. Lederman recalled that Richard Feynman had even suggested that all physicists put a sign in their offices with the number 137 to remind them of just how much they do not know."

"There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e – the amplitude for a real electron to emit or absorb a real photon. It is a simple number that has been experimentally determined to be close to 0.08542455. (My physicist friends won't recognize this number, because they like to remember it as the inverse of its square: about 137.03597 with about an uncertainty of about 2 in the last decimal place. It has been a mystery ever since it was discovered more than fifty years ago, and all good theoretical physicists put this number up on their wall and worry about it.) Immediately you would like to know where this number for a coupling comes from: is it related to pi or perhaps to the base of natural logarithms? Nobody knows. It's one of the greatest damn mysteries of physics: a magic number that comes to us with no understanding by man. You might say the "hand of God" wrote that number, and "we don't know how He pushed his pencil." We know what kind of a dance to do experimentally to measure this number very accurately, but we don't know what kind of dance to do on the computer to make this number come out, without putting it in secretly!"— Richard Feynman, Richard P. Feynman (1985). QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter.

velocity of light = 186282 miles per second

186-137 = 49
282-137 = 145

49+145 = 194

194+491 = 685

685/5 = 137

Pi rounded is 3.14
The base of the natural logarithm or e rounded is 2.72

314+272 = 586

586 reverse is 685

685/5 = 137

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33rd prime is 137

137+33 = 185

Watch

123456789
987654321

19+28+37+46+55 = 185
55+64+73+82+91 = 365

365-185 = 180

"July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 180 days remaining until the end of the year. The Aphelion, the point in the year when the Earth is farthest from the Sun, occurs around this date."

See...186

7/4

2 x 37 = 74

185/5 = 37

365/5 = 73

37 is the 12th prime while the reverse or 73 is the 21st prime.

12+21 = 33



Last Edited by HYpEr7l93r on 01/05/2019 10:54 AM

Takes 8 minutes for our sun's light to hit earth.

observer

Relative to zero kmph.

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Folks go to Mexico for such treatments. It is called Trepanning. Crazy stuff.


Trepanning, also known as trepanation, trephination, trephining or making a burr hole (the verb trepan derives from Old French from Medieval Latin trepanum from Greek trypanon, literally "borer, auger") is a surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull, exposing the dura mater to treat health problems related to intracranial diseases or release pressured blood buildup from an injury......
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Many students confuse Relativity Theory with a theory about the propagation of light. According to modern Relativity Theory the constancy of the speed of light is a consequence of the geometry of spacetime rather than something specifically due to the properties of photons; but the statement "the speed of light is constant" often distracts the student into a consideration of light propagation. This confusion is amplified by the importance assigned to interferometry experiments, such as the Michelson-Morley experiment, in most textbooks on Relativity Theory.

The history of theories of the propagation of light is an interesting topic in physics and was indeed important in the early days of Relativity Theory. In the seventeenth century two competing theories of light propagation were developed. Christiaan Huygens published a wave theory of light which was based on Huygen's principle whereby every point in a wavelike disturbance can give rise to further disturbances that spread out spherically. In contrast Newton considered that the propagation of light was due to the passage of small particles or "corpuscles" from the source to the illuminated object. His theory is known as the corpuscular theory of light. Newton's theory was widely accepted until the nineteenth century.

In the early nineteenth century Thomas Young performed his Young's slits experiment and the interference pattern that occurred was explained in terms of diffraction due to the wave nature of light. The wave theory was accepted generally until the twentieth century when quantum theory confirmed that light had a corpuscular nature and that Huygen's principle could not be applied.

The idea of light as a disturbance of some medium, or aether, that permeates the universe was problematical from its inception (US spelling: "ether"). The first problem that arose was that the speed of light did not change with the velocity of the observer. If light were indeed a disturbance of some stationary medium then as the earth moves through the medium towards a light source the speed of light should appear to increase. It was found however that the speed of light did not change as expected. Each experiment on the velocity of light required corrections to existing theory and led to a variety of subsidiary theories such as the "aether drag hypothesis". Ultimately it was experiments that were designed to investigate the properties of the aether that provided the first experimental evidence for Relativity Theory.


The aether drag hypothesis[edit]

The aether drag hypothesis was an early attempt to explain the way experiments such as Arago's experiment showed that the speed of light is constant. The aether drag hypothesis is now considered to be incorrect.

According to the aether drag hypothesis light propagates in a special medium, the aether, that remains attached to things as they move. If this is the case then, no matter how fast the earth moves around the sun or rotates on its axis, light on the surface of the earth would travel at a constant velocity.

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Stellar Aberration. If a telescope is travelling at high speed, only light incident at a particular angle can avoid hitting the walls of the telescope tube.

The primary reason the aether drag hypothesis is considered invalid is because of the occurrence of stellar aberration. In stellar aberration the position of a star when viewed with a telescope swings each side of a central position by about 20.5 seconds of arc every six months. This amount of swing is the amount expected when considering the speed of earth's travel in its orbit. In 1871, George Biddell Airy demonstrated that stellar aberration occurs even when a telescope is filled with water. It seems that if the aether drag hypothesis were true then stellar aberration would not occur because the light would be travelling in the aether which would be moving along with the telescope.

Yes

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Why Is The Speed Of Light So Important?
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In differential geometry, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold[1][2] (also called a semi-Riemannian manifold) is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate. This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.
Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean space described by a quadratic form, which may be isotropic.
A special case of great importance to general relativity is a Lorentzian manifold, in which one dimension has a sign opposite to that of the rest. This allows tangent vectors to be classified into timelike, null, and spacelike.

? observer's

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Proper time is defined in general relativity as follows: Given a pseudo-Riemannian manifold with a local coordinates .... [link to en.wikipedia.org (secure)]

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