A single dose of mRNA provides protection against the lethal plague

‘Messenger RNA (mRNA) lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines have recently been recognized as a breakthrough vaccine platform because of their effectiveness in the fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (1). However, while a multitude of mRNA vaccines are designed against viral diseases or cancer, bacterial pathogens remain largely untapped, with few studies demonstrating antibacterial effects (2–8). mRNA-LNPs can serve as an important tool in the arsenal toward this goal because they are clinically relevant, rapidly manufactured, and inherently modular. In the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the first mRNA-LNP vaccine entered clinical trials as soon as 63 days after viral sequence identification, emphasizing the importance of this platform in emergency preparedness’

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