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With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated | |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 865798  United States08/10/2010 04:40 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 04:45 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated from: SPACE WEATHER EFFECTS CATALOGUE [link to www.esa-spaceweather.net] 2.4.3. Pipelines Buried oil and gas pipelines are prone to corrosion, which may occur at points where an electric current flows from the metal into the surrounding earth. Therefore pipelines are covered by an insulating coating. The insulation is, however, not perfect, and particularly problematic are possible holes in the coating. To avoid corrosion, pipelines are equipped with a cathodic protection system (Von Baeckamn et al., 1997) which tries to keep the pipeline in a negative potential of roughly 1 V with respect to the soil. Different harmful processes may take place if the negative potential becomes too large, so the adjustment of the potential has to be careful. GIC flowing along pipelines are accompanied by voltages between the pipeline and the Earth (Boteler, 2000; Brasse and Junge, 1984; Campbell, 1980). GIC are not hazardous regarding corrosion issues but the pipe-to-soil voltage variations related to GIC can easily exceed the cathodic potential making the protection thus invalid (Gummow, 1999). Today’s coatings have orders of magnitude higher resistance than those used earlier. This results in larger pipe-to-soil potentials, thus significantly increasing the risk of corrosion at defects in the coating. How much pipe-to-soil voltages induced by space weather effects really increase the corrosion rate of a pipeline is still a somewhat open question, and estimates about times before the wall of a pipeline is seriously damaged vary in a wide range (Martin, 1993; Campbell, 1978; Henriksen et al., 1978; Gideon, 1971). Besides a direct contribution to corrosion, geomagnetically induced pipe-to-soil voltages are a nuisance when measuring cathodic protection parameters and making control surveys (Barker and Skinner, 1980). The measurement results may be completely incorrect and thus lead to erroneous conclusions. Similarly to a power system, the magnitudes of GIC along a pipeline network and of pipe-to-soil voltages depend both on the geophysical situation and on the details of the network. Model calculations supported by measurements of geomagnetic variations can be performed to reveal the most problematic regions in a pipeline network (Boteler and Seager, 1998). In general, the pipe-to-soil voltages are larger at in homogeneities of the system, such as ends, bends and branches of the pipeline, changes in the material or size of the pipeline, or variations in the Earth’s conductivity. The adjustment distance that expresses the length of the area in which the inhomogeneity affects is typically in the order of tens of kilometres. Long pipelines experience larger geomagnetically induced pipe-tosoil voltages than shorter ones. Therefore, pipelines are sometimes electrically interrupted by installing insulating flanges in series with metallic pipeline parts (Camitz et al., 1997). Such a procedure may really decrease the largest voltages appearing but at the same time increases the number of inhomogeneities. Therefore, all effects of insulating flanges have to be carefully analysed, and the final solution is a compromise. To avoid the problems caused by geomagnetic storms to buried pipelines, the industry has to be aware of the risk produced by GIC and induced pipe-to-soil voltages. A possibility of forecasting geomagnetic storms will help avoid making control measurements during times of a high probability of disturbances. A forecast of a magnetic storm also gives a reason to check that the corrosion protection systems are in full operation. In general, space weather risk has not been investigated as much in pipelines as in power systems. Recent investigations (Pirjola et al., 1999) containing improved tools for model calculations are improving the situation, and at present an international “pipeline-GIC” study with eight companies involved is being finished. |
BRIEF AND TO THE POINT  User ID: 381742 United States08/10/2010 04:45 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated Zetas right again!! Poor people do poor people things, and rich people do rich people things. You cannot legislate the poor into prosperity by legislating the wealthy out of prosperity. What one person receives without working for, another person must work for without receiving. The government cannot give to anybody anything that the government does not first take from somebody else. When half of the people get the idea that they do not have to work because the other half is going to take care of them, and the other half gets the idea that it does no good to work because somebody else is going to get what they work for, that my dear friend, is the beginning of the end of any nation. You cannot multiply wealth by dividing it! when you rob Paul to give to Peter ... ... ... you will always get Peters support! :Brieffromnativea: |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 791042 United States08/10/2010 04:50 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1037654  Canada08/10/2010 04:55 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated Hmmmmm.....a lot of oil pipeline problems lately... Quoting: SickscentSpace Weather and Geomagnetically Induced Currents Space weather generates Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) that affect electrical systems on the earth's surface, including power and power transformer systems. Where the land is resistant, oil and gas pipelines form a system of long conductors that allow electrical currents to flow more easily. With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated. The massive oil spillage that took place in Alaska, March 2006 could have been caused by Space Weather. Click on the image of the BP oil pipeline in Alaska to obtain general information on the ground effects of space weather. [link to www.joyfirepublishing.com] you know back before oiltards got on GLP (premacondo) when it was still unpopular I told people it was a SYSTEMIC issue many many many times...I even wrote a thread on how sun moves earth moves antiquated O &G equipment breaks...... I even publicly pointed out it to be systemic to trinity (which could have gotten me banned).... I TRADED OIL. SS you are an ingenious person allow me to give you the 1st of many standing ovations!!  ::clappa:: 1:1.618 ratio |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1032655 Canada08/10/2010 04:57 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| OVRANALYZE User ID: 1033036 United States08/10/2010 05:00 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:03 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:03 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 791042 United States08/10/2010 05:05 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 791042 United States08/10/2010 05:06 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:07 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated Hmmmmm.....a lot of oil pipeline problems lately... Quoting: Edmond DantesSpace Weather and Geomagnetically Induced Currents Space weather generates Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) that affect electrical systems on the earth's surface, including power and power transformer systems. Where the land is resistant, oil and gas pipelines form a system of long conductors that allow electrical currents to flow more easily. With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated. The massive oil spillage that took place in Alaska, March 2006 could have been caused by Space Weather. Click on the image of the BP oil pipeline in Alaska to obtain general information on the ground effects of space weather. [link to www.joyfirepublishing.com] you know back before oiltards got on GLP (premacondo) when it was still unpopular I told people it was a SYSTEMIC issue many many many times...I even wrote a thread on how sun moves earth moves antiquated O &G equipment breaks...... I even publicly pointed out it to be systemic to trinity (which could have gotten me banned).... I TRADED OIL. SS you are an ingenious person allow me to give you the 1st of many standing ovations!! ::clappa:: thanks Edmond...I am humbled... |
| Full Circle User ID: 1053727 Canada08/10/2010 05:09 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated Good bit of information there SS. Thanks. Kinda ties everything together nicely. Born into this World We create echoes of our inward yearnings And Shift along the Axis From matter to Spirit - Scott Mutter |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:11 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated from: Listening for Cosmic Rays! The Inuvik Neutron Monitor [link to neutronm.bartol.udel.edu] Pipeline corrosion North-south running pipelines at high latitudes are prone to corrosion from large electrical currents running deep through the Earth. The electrical currents are enhanced by magnetic field changes from the solar wind. The changes in the magnetic field are detected by cosmic ray monitors. These currents are a major cause of corrosion in the Trans Alaska pipeline which runs south from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:12 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated Good bit of information there SS. Thanks. Kinda ties everything together nicely. Quoting: Full CircleThank you...I believe it is just good to be aware of other possibilities of disruptions that might occur. Remember, we have been having an ENORMOUS influx of cosmic rays going through the solar system that has been recorded during the last decade or two...or three... |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:14 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated [link to www.solarstorms.org] |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:18 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated from: AUSTRALIAN SPACE WEATHER PLAN Strategic Planning to 2010 and Beyond Pipelines Pipelines are used widely to transport gas, oil and water from their sources to processing plants and consumers. Damage to a pipeline is costly, directly and also indirectly through damage to the environment and the public. Electrochemical corrosion can be inhibited by maintaining the steel pipeline negative with respect to the surrounding soil. When a space weather event occurs the pipeline voltage need to be altered to compensate for the induced voltage. [link to www.ips.gov.au] |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1032868 Canada08/10/2010 05:20 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated put simply... sun moves (CME mag filaments flare effects)...the earth moves (geomag shield TECTONIC movements etc)...antiquated O&G equipment breaks (pipelines and MODUS mobile offshore drilling refinery crackers etc.) ....amongst other things Stress fractures...EM conduits....etc. Even more simply put Sun moves Earth Moves O&G stuff breaks.....period the end finito. Hence the reasoning Xtrata was bought by glencore for production of replacement ore for various projects all over earth.....not just O&G equipment (although the most devastating IMMEDIATE results due to the length of the pipeline and the surface area of Earth they cover).... my .02 1:1.618 ratio |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:22 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:24 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated put simply... Quoting: Edmond Dantessun moves (CME mag filaments flare effects)...the earth moves (geomag shield TECTONIC movements etc)...antiquated O&G equipment breaks (pipelines and MODUS mobile offshore drilling refinery crackers etc.) ....amongst other things Stress fractures...EM conduits....etc. Even more simply put Sun moves Earth Moves O&G stuff breaks.....period the end finito. Hence the reasoning Xtrata was bought by glencore for production of replacement ore for various projects all over earth.....not just O&G equipment (although the most devastating IMMEDIATE results due to the length of the pipeline and the surface area of Earth they cover).... my .02 Yep...I have been pulling up reports (pdfs) left and right that are newer reports...BIG problem is how long the pipelines are...longer the pipeline, faster the errosion from the electricity and magnetics generated from interaction of solar weather and pipeline and 'ground'... |
| Ragman User ID: 590942 United States08/10/2010 05:25 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1032655 Canada08/10/2010 05:25 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated put simply... Quoting: Edmond Dantessun moves (CME mag filaments flare effects)...the earth moves (geomag shield TECTONIC movements etc)...antiquated O&G equipment breaks (pipelines and MODUS mobile offshore drilling refinery crackers etc.) ....amongst other things Stress fractures...EM conduits....etc. Even more simply put Sun moves Earth Moves O&G stuff breaks.....period the end finito. Hence the reasoning Xtrata was bought by glencore for production of replacement ore for various projects all over earth.....not just O&G equipment (although the most devastating IMMEDIATE results due to the length of the pipeline and the surface area of Earth they cover).... my .02 ie commodity TRADERS (the people that run Earth or the people referred here on GLP as TPTB) have already hedged their bets with Multi Illion dollar transactions for this eventuality. They already know and are acting to profit from this.....Bp bought into halliburton right?? I dont know.... disclaimer: this is just an opinion and is not meant as a slander liable or defamation of charachter....please make up your own minds. 1:1.618 ratio |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:26 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward (OP) User ID: 865798 United States08/10/2010 05:30 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 164234 United States08/10/2010 05:35 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1038061 Canada08/10/2010 05:48 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated how aout PEMEX ADNOC CNOOC NNPC INOC Aramco Etc... infrastructural due dillegence is inherit upon the prospective buyers of said pipes... not just gaslines either what about... D2 Mazut Base oil Jp54 JP8 etc etc etc..... lots of stuff going through those pipes in FOB (freight on board) ''spot' deals ...not just CIF ASWP (cost insurance freight any safe world ports) revolving contracts'.... SGS analysis on distillates also gives breakdowns of Flashpoints just FYI....varying dependent on the distillate.....Rupture piped next to an acetylene torch from a pipe worker....??? yep its going to be interesting. 1:1.618 ratio |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1032655 Canada08/10/2010 05:59 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Digdug User ID: 545079  Norway08/10/2010 06:02 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 977251 United States08/10/2010 06:06 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
| Edmond Dantes User ID: 1037634 Canada08/10/2010 06:13 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Re: With the accumulative action of many magnetic disturbances pipeline corrosion is significantly accelerated   Gas pipeline worry me most for some reason. Like always great post SS the gas pipelines are the e easiest to control ....shut off is simpler. D2 ie bunker fuel...(fuel that fuels ships)...Is not as easy to control and would lead to problems intrinsic like...not being able to fuel ships that transport goods...or at least delaying them which in turn costs demurrage (fee for every day past a ''loading time'' called a LAYCAN) which in turn causes prices to spike.... or LPFO (low pour fuel oil...heating oil)....being delivered to eastern europe across the ukraine= people freezing to death potentially. Its a problem for each distillate. 1:1.618 ratio |
| Anonymous Coward User ID: 907170 United States08/10/2010 06:18 PM Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | |
