Loss of Economic/Financial Influence Over Africa is MOST MADDENING To Tiny West

What inputs are necessary in infrastructure projects ?

Steel

Cement

Manpower

Machinery


Most African countries have those things locally available.

Guys, the Western era ends now. We are extremely pleased to have contributed in this development.



Here, an expert explains why foreign currency is not necessary in certain cases, that means, by availability of inputs locally.


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Bonnie Faulkner: You write that, “The objective of the coup d’état was to deny Brazil’s sovereignty in the formulation of macroeconomic policy.” Why is Wall Street or the United States against a nation’s sovereignty?

Michel Chossudovsky: That’s a very important question and it really has to do with monetary policy. Monetary policy really defines the sovereignty of a country. It’s the ability of a country to actually finance its own development through lending to the private sector, the building of public infrastructure and so on. To do that, you have to be able to increase the levels of internal debt. We do it in the United States and Canada and so on. We use debt operations to fund the infrastructure, roads, schools and hospitals.

But what is at stake in developing countries is that the currency is dollarized and in currency markets it’s upheld by dollar-denominated debts, which have to be incurred to support the currency. So that when you start expanding the money supply to finance development – it’s a difficult and complex mechanism – you really have to borrow in dollars, and really what it means is that your currency really is a proxy. It’s a dollarized currency, so that each time you want to build a road or a bridge or a hydroelectric complex using your domestic resources, you have to increase your indebtedness in dollar terms. In other words, the internal debt becomes a foreign debt.

That is ultimately what happened in Brazil with the Real Plan. The Real Plan established the real as the Brazilian currency on a peg with the US dollar, sustained by persistent propping up of the currency to maintain that parity. And what it meant is that Brazil was indebting itself in terms of dollars and each time it expands let’s say its levels of expenditure and so on so forth it ultimately has to borrow in dollars. What that means, to get back to the question, is that it’s Wall Street that controls monetary policy and all actions of internal development, funding infrastructure, schools, roads and so on, requires borrowing dollars to do it.

I’ll give one example of this. Vietnam, in the wake of its normalization with the United States, decided to initiate a major project of repairing the country’s main highway, which links the capital, Hanoi, in the north to Ho Chi Minh City, or what was formerly known as Saigon. It’s called Road Number 1. The east coast of the United States also has a road linking New York right down to Miami.

What happened is that the project was to repair the road, and for that they had to have an international tender by construction companies coming in – big multi-million dollar contracts – and to repair the roads they needed foreign capital. But in fact, what the foreign capital would do was to subcontract with local enterprises which then would build the road. What happens under that type of mechanism is the transformation of an internal debt into an external debt. You don’t need to bring in foreign capital to repair a road, or even to build a road. The technologies are there, the know-how is there, and you don’t need much investment in terms of capital or materials. It’s all local.

And that disturbs the mechanics. Immediately these financial institutions, once they normalize with the country they will say, ‘Okay, we’re going to lend you money under World Bank project to build a road but there has to be an offer of tender to international construction companies, etc. And then the money we lend you, you use it to pay these companies.” That’s how countries get indebted and they are unable under World Bank, IMF auspices to mobilize internal debt operations. I’ve seen this in numerous countries. There’s what is called the PIP, Public Investment Program, which is a list of projects and the World Bank ultimately goes through this list and they can choose which ones they want to finance, and they override the government in the choice of investment projects.

That is ultimately what economic sovereignty is all about: It’s the ability of a country to use its monetary instruments to finance development, and that ability is denied under the prevailing relations that these countries have with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank and the creditors.

Ha ha, the Neanderthal West is f*cked.


Guys,

the liberation of Africa is approaching, the loss of USA/Western influence over African economy is a gigantic news !




What former Afrocentrists dreamt, now to become a reality, a new golden age, the third I think.








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If The Africans, Asians & Arabs Want To Dominate The World, Right Now They Have The Opportunity !


Don't forget, those folks hadn't this opportunity the last 500 years, due to Western domination.



Do you realize that, dominating the world was never as easy as it is today for the lucky ones mentioned below (the Africans and others) ? Those mentioned regions now need only to integrate their economies through trade, via an overland route, then they will AUTOMATICALLY dominate the world with their over 5 billion people, and so much resources.

Looks like, the Eastern Hemisphere is the more progressive part of the world. These guys are about to dominate the world:











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Lucky are the "Southerners".

These guys are blessed, they represent 80% of the global population, they are filthy rich and armed to the teeth.


FYI:

Almost 100% of the world's,

1. Resources

2. Industrial capacities and

3. Markets

are concentrated in the non-white regions Africa, Asia and Latin America.



[link to www.atlasdigitalmaps.com (secure)]



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The "Southerners" are taking over the world !

Blessed are the"Southerners", the new masters of the universe.
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The Africans, Chinese and Indians need only to integrate tradewise the area from South China, India, Gulf region and the Eastern Africa up to Cape Town (watch map below), then they will dominate the world, given the density of the population in those areas and the richness of the regions.

[link to na.unep.net (secure)]

[link to wallsdesk.com (secure)]


Interestingly, there is already close economic cooperation in the mentioned regions, the building of infrastructures like trade routes would only support or strengthen, what already exists.

Do you guys realize that, a fantastic era, ca. 1500 - 2000 European calendar, is ending for the West ?

Here you can learn, how life was in Europe, before contact with non-Europeans:


Quote:


" In the 15th century, the highest standard of living in the world belonged to China. Places like Nanjing had reached the pinnacle of civilization with incredibly modern infrastructure, robust economies, substantial international trade, great healthcare, and a rising middle class.

Across the globe, Europeans were living out short, mud-filled, brutish lives in squalid poverty, dying off by the thousands from the bubonic plague. They were practically Neanderthals compared to the Chinese, and explorers like Marco Polo wrote fanciful tales of wealth and opulence in the east.

If you had told a Chinese merchant at the time that, over the course of the next several hundred years, global primacy would shift to Europe (and a relatively unknown American continent), you would have been laughed at. It was simply unthinkable given how advanced China was over the west.

And yet, it happened. History shows us that the great things about western civilization (Industrial Revolution, technological achievement) and the not-so-great things about western civilization (imperialism, slavery, genocide) caused the tables to turn and primacy to shift from east to west."

[link to www.sovereignman.com (secure)]

By "tiny west" you really mean the J banksters.

Problem with West is that they see everyone as enemy and try to enslave other races while attacking them. They just won't stop even after WW2.

Let me help you. The west walked away from Africa years ago.