Something Just Went BEZERK in the Gulf of Mexico. The US Navy just sunk a French Submarine

You funny Isis!

Yay!! 1100 pages. Only 11 to go.

..or 121 for 1221.

Entire nation gets a 'ringside seat' to total lunar eclipse

If you step outside late tonight into early Tuesday morning, you may notice the moon looks like a luminous rotten orange. It's a total lunar eclipse that will be visible to everyone in North and Central America, including Alaska and Hawaii.
"We've all got a ringside seat to this one," says Alan MacRobert, editor of Sky & Telescope magazine. "We'll be watching it together."

During a lunar eclipse, the Earth lines up directly between the sun and the moon, so there is no direct sunlight to hit and reflect off the moon's surface. The only light that reaches it is "filtered and bending through our atmosphere," MacRobert says. That gives it the color of "all of the world's sunrises and sunsets" together.
MORE: [link to www.usatoday.com]

Spaceweather has some great coverage of this eclipse....including a link for live coverage.....
[link to www.spaceweather.com]

Things are truly bezerk!Stripper is paid $80,000 by BP while thousands of other claims are denied...
[link to www.examiner.com]

Talk about a big tip! I wonder if there were some personal services to BP Bigwigs involved? Must be awful good for $80,000 or just a lot of them.

Alert: “New Little Ice Age Cannot Be Ruled Out”
Everybody is talking about global warming – but in Germany and also in many other countries around the world people are currently fighting with the adversities of extreme cold. And indeed: “The year 2010 will be the coldest for ten years in Germany,” said Thomas Globig from the weather service Meteo Media talking to wetter.info . And it might even get worse: “It is quite possible that we are at the beginning of a Little Ice Age,” the meteorologist said. Even the Arctic ice could spread further to the south. More at link-> [link to wattsupwiththat.com]

Everythings changing...and fast too. Now the Jet Stream's doing its own thing. ( read the other day, may of been ref. here, that the Jet Stream's breaking up or had split into two...not sure if accurate.)

[link to www.theweathernetwork.com]

China's feeling the cold in the South and East of the country. Ice sheets have started to form off China's northern coastline as the seas begin to freeze.

[link to www.theweathernetwork.com]

Even Cuba's a bit nippy...

[link to www.theweathernetwork.com]

BHD... You beat me to it!

Just a reference to another thread:

Thread: THERE'S SOMETHING ABOUT SATURN .... YOU SHOULD KNOW

"Something about Saturn"

For you to peruse

Last Edited by Housedad on 12/20/2010 09:31 AM

It was nothing like "Something About Mary"

Isis, some of us have watched this closely since 2004 when we could see it in plain view near the sun.

Based on the approach you are showing in g oogle, do you agree with the videographer that it will cross in October of 2011?

May not be able to see much from Southeast USA. We've been hit hard with chemtrails the past couple of days.

I had 'em mail me my EID (estabishment indoctrination degree.)

That linked thread is not explaining that the kings, judges, preachers and popes wear long robes to take on the appearance of a woman, because women have the rear power.

I haven't read "Something About Mary" but that is the 'woman' thing I'm talking about.

From Acolyte / briefcase thread

Good Day,. TIOTE. 8 of GirlFriend's colleagues have now verified and independently reported from involved embassies that China has indeed, officially notified the US (North America) that Yellow Stone is now listed as a FIRST STRIKE TARGET (Alpha ONE). This revelation took place during a secondarY meeting at the UN Security Council Meeting called by KremPP (translation problem)
Analyst speculate that China will use their SIM/SI.M acquired technology.,. coupled with its New AntiPodal Reverberator Transcender Array (ARTA)(translation problem +1) to Target Yellow Stone in the event of any attempt to influence/interfere or neutralize the Great Wall of China Emitter Array and its Periodic Transmissions/Receptions. China has now revealed three new Technological Advanced Strategic Weapons Systems in less than three months. (ReverseEMP, SIM/SI.M and ARTA)
Analysts are of the Opinion the China will reveal even more systems during the first three months of 2011.
The Direct link Between CURTAIN and the UN Security Council Meeting called by KremPP has now been confirmed. This new technological warfare has been termed as "China's Diametrically Strategic Warfare Agenda for a New Empire".

From a few days ago no briefcase, this quote was posted by acolyte:




BEZ235

some examples:


[link to www.axonmedchem.com]

[link to activebiochem.com]


Benzoic acid molecule:


[link to pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]


Externally Regulated Kinase

Is this BEZERK? I wonder...


[link to www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Last Edited by Housedad on 12/20/2010 02:19 PM

I should also point otu that the chemical Benzoic acid, also known as BEZ, is a mutagen and carcinogen. It also afects the ERK pathways.


mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway

Considering the pressure of the oil coming out of the earth at the sea floor, the benzine in it might create a large amount of benzoic acid.....

Benzoic acid is used in cosmetics, food (as preservative), etc. It is also found naturally in many plants, etc...
----------------------------
Benzoic acid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search
Benzoic acid

IUPAC name[hide]Benzoic acid
Other names[hide]Benzenecarboxylic acid,
Carboxybenzene,
E210, Dracylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 65-85-0 Y
PubChem 243
ChemSpider 238 Y
UNII 8SKN0B0MIM Y
EC number 200-618-2
KEGG C00180
MeSH benzoic+acid
ChEBI CHEBI:30746
ChEMBL CHEMBL541 Y
RTECS number DG0875000
Beilstein Reference 636131
Gmelin Reference 2946
3DMet B00053
SMILES
[show]O=C(O)c1ccccc1
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
c1ccc(cc1)C(=O)O
InChI
[show]InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9) Y
Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
InChI=1/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYAD
Properties
Molecular formula C6H5COOH
Molar mass 122.12 g/mol
Appearance Colorless crystalline solid
Density 1.32 g/cm3, solid
Melting point 122 °C, 395 K, 252 °F

Boiling point 249 °C, 522 K, 480 °F

Solubility in water Soluble (hot water)
0.34 g/100ml (25 °C)
Solubility in THF, ethanol, methanol THF 3.37 M, ethanol 2.58 M, methanol 2.91 M [1]
Acidity (pKa) 4.21
Refractive index (nD) 1.5397
Structure
Crystal structure Monoclinic
Molecular shape planar
Dipole moment 1.72 D in Dioxane
Hazards
MSDS JT Baker
EU Index Not listed
Main hazards Irritating
NFPA 704 120
Flash point 121 °C (394 K)
Autoignition
temperature 570 °C
Related compounds
Related carboxylic acids Salicylic acid,
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid,
Anthranilic acid,
3-Aminobenzoic acid,
4-Aminobenzoic acid,
3-Nitrobenzoic acid,
Phenylacetic acid
Related compounds Benzaldehyde,
Benzyl alcohol,
Benzoyl chloride,
Benzylamine,
Benzamide,
Benzyl benzoate
Y(what is this?) (verify)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references


Benzoic acid crystalsBenzoic acid, C7H6O2 (or C6H5COOH), is a colorless crystalline solid and the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time the only source for benzoic acid. This weak acid and its salts are used as a food preservative. Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the synthesis of many other organic substances.

Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Production
2.1 Industrial preparations
2.2 Laboratory synthesis
2.2.1 By hydrolysis
2.2.2 From benzaldehyde
2.2.3 From bromobenzene
2.2.4 From benzyl alcohol
2.2.5 From benzyl chloride
2.2.6 Historical preparation
3 Uses
3.1 Feedstock
3.2 Food preservative
3.3 Medicinal
4 Biology and health effects
5 Chemistry
5.1 Aromatic ring
5.2 Carboxyl group
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links

[edit] History
Benzoic acid was discovered in the 16th century. The dry distillation of gum benzoin first described by Nostradamus (1556), and subsequently by Alexius Pedemontanus (1560) and Blaise de Vigenère (1596).[2]

Pioneer work in 1830 through a variety of experiences based on amygdalin, obtained from bitter almonds (the fruit of Prunus dulcis) oil by Pierre Robiquet and Antoine Boutron-Charlard, two French chemists, had produced benzaldehyde [3] but they failed in working out a proper interpretation of the structure of amygdalin that would account for it, and thus missed the identification of the benzoyl radical C7H5O. This last step was achieved some few months later (1832) by Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler, who determined the composition of benzoic acid.[4] These latter also investigated how hippuric acid is related to benzoic acid.

In 1875 Salkowski discovered the antifungal abilities of benzoic acid, which was used for a long time in the preservation of benzoate-containing cloudberry fruits.[5]

[edit] Production
[edit] Industrial preparations
Benzoic acid is produced commercially by partial oxidation of toluene with oxygen. The process is catalyzed by cobalt or manganese naphthenates. The process uses cheap raw materials, proceeds in high yield, and is considered environmentally green.[citation needed]


U.S. production capacity is estimated to be 126,000 tonnes per year (139,000 tons), much of which is consumed domestically to prepare other industrial chemicals.

[edit] Laboratory synthesis
Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation.

For all syntheses, benzoic acid can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic solvents for the recrystallization makes this experiment particularly safe. Other possible recrystallization solvents include acetic acid (anhydrous or aqueous), benzene, petroleum ether, and a mixture of ethanol and water.[6]

[edit] By hydrolysis
Like any other nitrile or amide, benzonitrile and benzamide can be hydrolyzed to benzoic acid or its conjugate base in acid or basic conditions.

[edit] From benzaldehyde
The base-induced disproportionation of benzaldehyde, the Cannizzaro reaction, affords equal amounts of benzoate and benzyl alcohol; the latter can be removed by distillation.



[edit] From bromobenzene
Bromobenzene can be converted to benzoic acid by "carbonation" of the intermediate phenylmagnesium bromide:[7]

C6H5MgBr + CO2 → C6H5CO2MgBr
C6H5CO2MgBr + HCl → C6H5CO2H + MgBrCl
[edit] From benzyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol is refluxed with potassium permanganate or other oxidizing reagents in water. The mixture is hot filtered to remove manganese dioxide and then allowed to cool to afford benzoic acid.




[edit] From benzyl chloride
Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) can be prepared by oxidation of benzyl chloride in the presence of alkaline KMnO4

C6H5CH2Cl + 2 KOH + 2 [O] → C6H5COOK + KCl + H2O
[edit] Historical preparation
The first industrial process involved the reaction of benzotrichloride (trichloromethyl benzene) with calcium hydroxide in water, using iron or iron salts as catalyst. The resulting calcium benzoate is converted to benzoic acid with hydrochloric acid. The product contains significant amounts of chlorinated benzoic acid derivatives. For this reason, benzoic acid for human consumption was obtained by dry distillation of gum benzoin. Food-grade benzoic acid is now produced synthetically.

[edit] Uses
[edit] Feedstock
Benzoic acid is used to make a large number of chemicals, important examples of which are:

Benzoyl chloride, C6H5C(O)Cl, is obtained by treatment of benzoic with thionyl chloride, phosgene or one of the chlorides of phosphorus. C6H5C(O)Cl is an important starting material for several benzoic acid derivates like benzyl benzoate, which is used in artificial flavours and insect repellents.
Benzoate plasticizers, such as the glycol-, diethylengylcol-, and triethyleneglycol esters, are obtained by transesterification of methyl benzoate with the corresponding diol. Alternatively these species arise by treatment of benzoylchloride with the diol. These plasticizers are used similarly to those derived from terephthalic acid ester.
Phenol, C6H5OH, is obtained by oxidative decarboxylation at 300-400°C. The temperature required can be lowered to 200°C by the addition of catalytic amounts of copper(II) salts. The phenol can be converted to cyclohexanol, which is a starting material for nylon synthesis.
[edit] Food preservative
Benzoic acid and its salts are used as a food preservative, represented by the E-numbers E210, E211, E212, and E213. Benzoic acid inhibits the growth of mold, yeast[8] and some bacteria. It is either added directly or created from reactions with its sodium, potassium, or calcium salt. The mechanism starts with the absorption of benzoic acid in to the cell. If the intracellular pH changes to 5 or lower, the anaerobic fermentation of glucose through phosphofructokinase is decreased by 95%. The efficacy of benzoic acid and benzoate is thus dependent on the pH of the food.[9] Acidic food and beverage like fruit juice (citric acid), sparkling drinks (carbon dioxide), soft drinks (phosphoric acid), pickles (vinegar) or other acidified food are preserved with benzoic acid and benzoates.

Typical levels of use for benzoic acid as a preservative in food are between 0.05 – 0.1%. Foods in which benzoic acid may be used and maximum levels for its application are laid down in international food law.[10][11]

Concern has been expressed that benzoic acid and its salts may react with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in some soft drinks, forming small quantities of benzene.[12]

See also: Benzene in soft drinks
[edit] Medicinal
Benzoic acid is a constituent of Whitfield's Ointment which is used for the treatment of fungal skin diseases such as tinea, ringworm, and athlete's foot. [13][14] As the principal component of Benzoin resin, benzoic acid is also a major ingredient in both Tincture of Benzoin and Friar's Balsam. Such products have a long history of use as topical antiseptics and inhalant decongestants.

[edit] Biology and health effects
Benzoic acid occurs naturally free and bound as benzoic acid esters in many plant and animal species. Appreciable amounts have been found in most berries (around 0.05%). Ripe fruits of several Vaccinium species (e.g., cranberry, V. vitis idaea; bilberry, V. macrocarpon) contain as much as 0.03-0.13% free benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is also formed in apples after infection with the fungus Nectria galligena. Among animals, benzoic acid has been identified primarily in omnivorous or phytophageous species, e.g., in viscera and muscles of the ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) as well as in gland secretions of male muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) or Asian bull elephants (Elephas maximus).[15]

Gum benzoin contains up to 20% of benzoic acid and 40% benzoic acid esters.[16]

Benzoic acid is present as part of hippuric acid (N-Benzoylglycine) in urine of mammals, especially herbivores (Gr. hippos = horse; ouron = urine). Humans produce about 0.44 g/L hippuric acid per day in their urine, and if the person is exposed to toluene or benzoic acid it can rise above that level.[17]

For humans, the WHO's International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) suggests a provisional tolerable intake would be 5 mg/kg body weight per day.[15] Cats have a significantly lower tolerance against benzoic acid and its salts than rats and mice. Lethal dose for cats can be as low as 300 mg/kg body weight.[18] The oral LD50 for rats is 3040 mg/kg, for mice it is 1940–2263 mg/kg.[15]

In Taipei, Taiwan, a city health survey in 2010 found 30% of tested dried and pickled food products failed a test having too much benzoic acid, which is known to affect the liver and kidney[19], along with more serious issues like excessive cyclamate.

[edit] Chemistry
Reactions of benzoic acid can occur at either the aromatic ring or the carboxyl group:

[edit] Aromatic ring

Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction will take place mainly in 3-position due to the electron-withdrawing carboxylic group; i.e. benzoic acid is meta directing.

The second substitution reaction (on the right) is slower because the first nitro group is deactivating.[20] Conversely, if an activating group (electron-donating) was introduced (e.g., alkyl), a second substitution reaction would occur more readily than the first and the disubstituted product might not accumulate to a significant extent.

[edit] Carboxyl group
All the reactions mentioned for carboxylic acids are also possible for benzoic acid.

Benzoic acid esters are the product of the acid catalysed reaction with alcohols.
Benzoic acid amides are more easily available by using activated acid derivatives (such as benzoyl chloride) or by coupling reagents used in peptide synthesis like DCC and DMAP.
The more active benzoic anhydride is formed by dehydration using acetic anhydride or phosphorus pentoxide.
Highly reactive acid derivatives such as acid halides are easily obtained by mixing with halogenation agents like phosphorus chlorides or thionyl chloride.
Orthoesters can be obtained by the reaction of alcohols under acidic water free conditions with benzonitrile.
Reduction to benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol is possible using DIBAL-H, LiAlH4 or sodium borohydride.
The copper catalysed decarboxylation of benzoate to benzene may be effected by heating in quinoline. Also, Hunsdiecker decarboxylation can be achieved by forming the silver salt and heating.

Last Edited by fairflight on 12/20/2010 02:02 PM

What is the meaning of all this?

Here is an interesting bit about the DoE and energy production in the USA:

"Captive Power Policy 19 December, 2010 - The department of energy (DoE) is framing a policy to allow industrial units and power intensive factories to set up their own backyard power sources, so that they do not have to depend on the government for power supply.

The captive power policy is expected to provide directions to factory owners in setting up their own power sources to fill the deficit energy gap during winter months when river levels shrink and generation is at its lowest."

[link to www.kuenselonline.com]

Nikola Tesla

Of course, much like many other eccentric giga-geniuses and diabolical masterminds, Tesla was also completely insane. He was prone to nervous breakdowns, claimed to receive weird visions in the middle of the night, spoke to pigeons, and occasionally thought he was receiving electromagnetic signals from extraterrestrials on Mars. He was also obsessive-compulsive and hated round objects, human hair, jewelry, and anything that wasn't divisible by three. He was also asexual and celibate for his entire life. Basically, Nikola Tesla was the ultimate mad scientist, which is seriously awesome.

Another sweet thing about Tesla is that he conducted the sort of crazy experiments that generally result in hordes of angry villagers breaking down the door to your lab with torches and pitchforks. One time, while he was working on magnetic resonance, he discovered the resonant frequency of the Earth and caused an earthquake so powerful that it almost obliterated the 5th Avenue New York building that housed his Frankenstein Castle of a laboratory. Stuff was flying off the walls, the drywall was breaking apart, the cops were coming after him, and Tesla had to smash his device with a sledge hammer to keep it from demolishing an entire city block. Later, he boasted that he could have built a device powerful enough to split the Earth in two. Nobody dared him to prove it. Read More--> [link to www.badassoftheweek.com]

Such a shame that bullshit propaganda like this gets circulated, while his real genius lies buried. The reason this nonsense is propagated is so that people don't bother to research the true genius he was.

Dutch are locked down:

"Dutch doldrums

Travelers at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport were also impacted, with around 3,000 people forced to spend the night in the terminals after the snow forced air travel to grind to a halt, according to DutchNews."

@ Nexus... I appreciate your feelings on this but if you read the full article it treats him well. "Awesome, eccentric genius" In fact, reading the story of Nicola Tesla when I was about 11 was one of the factors that led to me deciding to become an Engineer. He was considered a Nutjob by contemporary Scientists but much of his work has proved itself. I am writing this under flourescent lights for example.

+1

Canal ice helps Dutch rediscover national identity

For the first time in 12 years, the Netherlands' canals froze this month, bringing the Dutch, who like their tulips in neat rows, a heady mix of pandemonium and euphoria.

Hundreds of thousands of skaters, their cheeks as red as apples in the freezing temperatures, took to the ice, and hospital wards were filled with dozens of people with fractured arms, sprained ankles and broken legs.

Train engineers were ordered to go slowly to avoid hitting skaters who clambered across railway tracks to get from one frozen canal to another...MORE--> [link to www.nytimes.com]

I understand Hans - its just that of all the amazing good things out there about Tesla, you picked a bit that states he was totally insane etc.

As you well know, he was not insane, nor a nut-job - that was a carefully managed smear campaign started in the 1940s.

I have been battling this perception held by 'mainstream science media' for decades, so please forgive my frustation to see it reiterated here in a context that reinforces that perception.

peace

Point well made Nexus. I always thought of him as a misunderstood genius. Thinking of some of his stories made it easier for me when I would make a presentation on something that was a little ahead of its time. German Engineering is conservative.